A numerical formulation based on the precise-integration time-domain (PITD) method for simulating periodic media is extended for overcoming the Courant-Friedrich-Levy (CFL) limit on the time-step size in a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. In this new method, the periodic boundary conditions are implemented, permitting the simulation of a wide range of periodic optical media, i.e., gratings, or thin-film filters. Furthermore, the complete tensorial derivation for the permittivity also allows simulating anisotropic periodic media. Numerical results demonstrate that PITD is reliable and even considering anisotropic media can be competitive compared to traditional FDTD solutions. Furthermore, the maximum allowable time-step size has been demonstrated to be much larger than that of the CFL limit of the FDTD method, being a valuable tool in cases in which the steady-state requires a large number of time-steps.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247896 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Science, Ulmenliet 20, 21033, Hamburg, Germany.
The use of rare earth elements has increased in recent years, leading to a rise in environmental concentrations. Despite the growth in number of studies regarding toxicity, knowledge gaps remain. For Daphnia magna, standardized test methods involve exposure periods of either 48 h or 21 days to assess toxicological effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrachytherapy
January 2025
Ocular Oncology and Radiology Department, S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russia.
Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of plaque brachytherapy for the treatment of retinoblastoma.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 163 patients (186 eyes, 333 tumors) treated with brachytherapy (Ru or Sr plaques) for intraocular retinoblastoma between November 2007 and August 2023.
Results: Complete tumor control was achieved in 273 tumors (82%).
J Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an, University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
The use of toxic resists and complex procedures has impeded the resolution and quality of micro/nanofabrication on virtually arbitrary substrates via photolithography. To fabricate a precise and high-resolution pattern, a sericin nanofilm-based coating was developed by reducing disulfide bonds and subsequently assembling sericin protein. Upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, intermolecular amide bonds in sericin are cleaved through the action of a reducing agent, allowing the reduced sericin (rSer) coating to exhibit the functional ability to generate diverse geometric micro/nanopatterns through photomask-governed photolithography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Abuse Negl
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. Electronic address:
Background: Screen time is on the rise among youth, and as a result, cyberbullying victimization has become increasingly prevalent. While prior research has established a positive correlation between screen usage and cyberbullying victimization, a paucity of research has explored how motives for screen usage are associated with cyberbullying victimization and moderate the positive association between screen usage and cyberbullying victimization.
Objective: The present study sought to address these research gaps by exploring the association between motives for screen usage and cyberbullying victimization and examining whether these motives moderate the association between screen time and cyberbullying.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Climate Change Impacts and Risks in the Anthropocene (C-CIA), Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; dendrolab.ch, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Over recent decades, global warming has led to sustained glacier mass reduction and the formation of glacier lakes dammed by potentially unstable moraines. When such dams break, devastating Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) can occur in high mountain environments with catastrophic effects on populations and infrastructure. To understand the occurrence of GLOFs in space and time, build frequency-magnitude relationships for disaster risk reduction or identify regional links between GLOF frequency and climate warming, comprehensive databases are critically needed.
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