The present study analyzed the chemical composition of Willd. essential oils (EOs) and evaluated their attractancy and toxicity to two agriculturally important tephritid fruit flies. The composition of hydrodistilled EOs obtained from leaves (JFLEO) and fruits (JFFEO) of was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The main compounds were -pinene (45%) and cedrol (18%) in the JFLEO and -pinene (42%), -thujone (12%), and -thujone (25%) in the JFFEO. In behavioral bioassays of the male Mediterranean fruit fly, (Wiedemann), both JFLEO and JFFEO showed strong attraction comparable to that observed with two positive controls, and EOs. In topical bioassays of the female Caribbean fruit fly, (Loew), the toxicity of JFFEO was two-fold higher than that of JFLEO, with the LD values being 10.46 and 22.07 µg/µL, respectively. This could be due to differences in chemical components between JFLEO and JFFEO. The JFFEO was dominated by 48% monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) and 46% oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), while JFLEO consisted of 57% MH, 18% OM, and 20% oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS). This is the first study to evaluate the attractancy and toxicity of EOs to tephritid fruit flies. Our results indicate that JFFEO has the potential for application to the management of pest tephritid species, and further investigation is warranted.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704769 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247504 | DOI Listing |
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