Identification of an Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis Gene in USDA110.

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) play critical roles in rhizobium-plant interactions. However, the EPS biosynthesis pathway in USDA110 remains elusive. Here we used transposon (Tn) mutagenesis with the aim to identify genetic elements required for EPS biosynthesis in USDA110. Phenotypic screening of Tn5 insertion mutants grown on agar plates led to the identification of a mutant with a transposon insertion site in the gene. This gene is predicted to encode a phosphor-glycosyltransferase that transfers a phosphosugar onto a polyprenol phosphate substrate. The disruption of the gene resulted in defective EPS synthesis. Accordingly, the mutant showed a reduced capacity to induce nodules and stimulate the growth of soybean plants. Glycosyltransferase genes related to were found to be well conserved and widely distributed among strains of the genus. In conclusion, our study resulted in identification of a gene involved in EPS biosynthesis and highlights the importance of EPS in the symbiotic interaction between USDA110 and soybeans.