This is an informal and sketchy review of five topical, somewhat unrelated subjects in quantitative finance and econophysics: (i) models of price changes; (ii) linear correlations and random matrix theory; (iii) non-linear dependence copulas; (iv) high-frequency trading and market stability; and finally-but perhaps most importantly-(v) "radical complexity" that prompts a scenario-based approach to macroeconomics heavily relying on Agent-Based Models. Some open questions and future research directions are outlined.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23121676 | DOI Listing |
J Visc Surg
January 2025
Department of Digestive Surgery, Clinique de La Sauvegarde, avenue Ben-Gourion, 69009 Lyon, France.
Pilonidal sinus is a common pathology of the intergluteal cleft that can develop into abscess or suppuration. This lesion corresponds histologically to a granuloma that organizes around foreign bodies, most often hairs, and fistulizes to the skin through partially epithelialized orifices. If suppuration and abscess develop, treatment is based either on medical treatment combining analgesics, local antiseptics and sometimes antibiotics, or on emergency incision and drainage in the operating room.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biochem Parasitol
January 2025
Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza - CE, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio - CE, Brazil; Northeast Network of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza - CE, Brazil.
Globally, an estimated 1 billion people reside in endemic areas, and over 12 million individuals are infected with leishmaniasis. Despite its prevalence, leishmaniasis continues to be a neglected disease, mainly affecting underdeveloped countries. In Brazil, the available treatments are pentavalent antimonials and Amphotericin B, which are outdated, toxic, require prolonged parenteral administration and have limited efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Chem
January 2025
Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
The substitution of an aromatic ring with a C(sp)-rich bicyclic hydrocarbon, known as bioisosteric replacement, plays a crucial role in modern drug discovery. Substituted bicyclo[1.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, People's Republic of China.
A novel Ru-catalyzed radical-triggered trifunctionalization of hexenenitriles is presented, employing a strategy of remote cyano group migration and -C(sp)-H functionalization. Through remote cyano migration, the alkenyl moiety undergoes difunctionalization to the formation of a benzylic radical intermediate. This intermediate facilitates -selective C-H bond addition relative to the C-Ru bond within the Ru(III) complex, ultimately enabling trifunctionalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
January 2025
Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
We present a visible-light-promoted radical cascade cyclization reaction sulfonylmethylation, cyano insertion, and radical cyclization of unactivated alkenes bearing cyano groups. This strategy enables the rapid synthesis of sulfonylmethylated phenanthridines under mild conditions with broad substrate compatibility, operational simplicity, and mild reaction conditions. The developed approach provides a novel pathway for assembling complex polycyclic nitrogen-containing frameworks, addressing a critical synthetic challenge and expanding the toolbox of photochemical transformations in organic synthesis.
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