AI Article Synopsis
- - Oral tolerance is the process where the immune system is "taught" to ignore a specific antigen after it has been consumed; this leads to low levels of antibodies like IgG in response to that antigen.
- - The study successfully induced oral tolerance to snake venom in BALB/c mice, demonstrating that mice given a high dose of venom developed similar antibody levels to immunized mice, while those given a low dose showed low antibody responses.
- - Immunoblotting revealed important differences in the immune response of tolerized mice compared to immunized ones, highlighting key regions (epitopes) of the venom that are responsible for the tolerance effect.
Article Abstract
Oral tolerance is defined as a specific suppression of cellular and humoral immune responses to a particular antigen through prior oral administration of an antigen. It has unique immunological importance since it is a natural and continuous event driven by external antigens. It is characterized by low levels of IgG in the serum of animals after immunization with the antigen. There is no report of induction of oral tolerance to venom. Here, we induced oral tolerance to venom in BALB/c mice and evaluated the specific tolerance and cross-reactivity with the toxins of other species after immunization with the snake venoms adsorbed to/encapsulated in nanostructured SBA-15 silica. Animals that received a high dose of venom (1.8 mg) orally responded by showing antibody titers similar to those of immunized animals. On the other hand, mice tolerized orally with three doses of 1 µg of venom showed low antibody titers. In animals that received a low dose of venom and were immunized with or venom, tolerance was null or only partial. Immunoblot analysis against the venom of different species provided details about the main tolerogenic epitopes and clearly showed a difference compared to antiserum of immunized animals.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8706775 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13120865 | DOI Listing |
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