The global spread of 5th generation (5G) wireless systems causes some concern about health effects of millimeter waves (MMW). To investigate biological effects of local exposure to 5G-MMW on human body, a novel 60 GHz band exposure setup was developed, and its performance was validated. A spatial synthetic beam-type exposure setup using two dielectric lens antennas was proposed to achieve high intensity 60 GHz irradiation to the target area of human skin. Variety distributions and intensities of electromagnetic fields at the exposed area, which is modified by incident angles of the combined beams, were simulated using finite-difference time-domain methods. The exposure performance we estimated was verified by temperature elevations of surface in a physical arm-shaped silicone phantom during the MMW exposure. The interference fringes generated in the exposed area due to the combined two-directional beam radiations were observed both in the simulation and in the phantom experiment but eliminated by applying an orthogonalizing polarized feeding structure. Under these exposure conditions, the local temperature changes, which could evoke warmth sensations, were obtained at the target area of the human forearm skin, which means the achievement of exposure performance we intended.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8685201 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.777712 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Dynamic PK/PD Infection Models for the Development and Optimisation of Antimicrobial Regimens: A Narrative Review.
Antibiotics (Basel)
December 2024
Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia.
The antimicrobial concentration-time profile in humans affects antimicrobial activity, and as such, it is critical for preclinical infection models to simulate human-like dynamic concentration-time profiles for maximal translatability. This review discusses the setup, principle, and application of various dynamic PK/PD infection models commonly used in the development and optimisation of antimicrobial treatment regimens. It covers the commonly used dynamic infection models, including the one-compartment model, hollow fibre infection model, biofilm model, bladder infection model, and aspergillus infection model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicological effects of long-term continuous exposure to ambient air on human bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells exposed at the air-liquid interface.
Environ Res
January 2025
Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, 85764, Germany; Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, 18051, Germany.
Air pollution significantly contributes to the global burden of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. While single source/compound studies dominate current research, long-term, multi-pollutant studies are crucial to understanding the health impacts of environmental aerosols. Our study aimed to use the first air-liquid interface (ALI) aerosol exposure system adapted for long-term in vitro exposures for ambient air in vitro exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntratracheal instillation for the testing of pulmonary toxicity in mice-Effects of instillation devices and feed type on inflammation.
Animal Model Exp Med
January 2025
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: Inhalation exposure is the gold standard when assessing pulmonary toxicity. However, it typically requires substantial amounts of test material. Intratracheal instillation is an alternative administration technique, where the test substance is suspended in a liquid vehicle and deposited into the lung via the trachea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaveguide Evanescent Field Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Osteoblast Cells: The Effect of Trypsin and Image Processing Using TrackMate.
Microsc Res Tech
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, Cihan University, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Waveguide evanescent field fluorescence microscopy (WEFF) is an evanescent-based microscopy that utilizes a confined thin film of light, around 100 nm, to image the plasma membrane of cells attached to a waveguide. Low photobleaching and low background besides its high axial resolution allows time-lapse imaging to investigate changes in cell morphology in the presence or absence of chemical agents. Both large field of view (FOV) and uniform illumination are very important while imaging cell-substrate contacts with an evanescent field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBarriers to PrEP use and adherence among adolescent girls and young women in Eastern, Southern, and Western Africa: a scoping review.
BMC Womens Health
December 2024
Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Background: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are disproportionately affected by HIV. Globally, in 2022, an estimated 4000 AGYW 15-24 were newly infected with HIV weekly, and nearly 78% of these infections occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a key HIV prevention option within an overall HIV combination prevention approach with an efficacy of over 90% when taken correctly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!