AI Article Synopsis
- T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the mesial temporal lobe is a key MRI finding commonly associated with herpes simplex encephalitis, but not exclusive to it.
- This hyperintensity can also appear in various other conditions, including other viral encephalitides, autoimmune disorders, and specific types of brain damage or injuries.
- Differentiating between these conditions is crucial for effective treatment, and the text includes a flow chart to help identify the relevant diseases based on clinical and imaging characteristics.
Article Abstract
T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the mesial temporal lobe is the most common MR finding of herpes simplex encephalitis, but may be observed in other infectious and non-infectious diseases. The former includes herpes human virus 6 encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, and neurosyphilis, and the latter autoimmune encephalitis, gliomatosis cerebri, bilateral or paradoxical posterior cerebral artery infarction, status epilepticus, and hippocampal sclerosis. Thus, T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the mesial temporal lobe is not a disease-specific magnetic resonance imaging finding, and these conditions must be differentiated to ensure proper treatment. We review diseases that present with T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the mesial temporal lobe and provide a helpful flow chart based on clinical and radiologic features.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405617666210712130555 | DOI Listing |
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