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Severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 2 and 5 Years Corrected Age. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to investigate how the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affects the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at ages 2 and 5 years, and whether this relationship changes over time.
  • Involving 790 infants born before 30 weeks of gestation, the findings showed that those with varying degrees of BPD had a significantly higher risk of NDI compared to infants without BPD, with a marked increase in NDI risk from age 2 to age 5.
  • The research concluded that greater BPD severity correlates with higher NDI risk at both ages, and while the incidence of NDI increased from 2 to 5 years,

Article Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) severity and risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years and 5 years corrected age and to examine whether this association changes over time.

Study Design: This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients with a gestational age <30 weeks surviving to 36 weeks postmenstrual age, divided into groups according to BPD severity. NDI was defined as having cognitive or motor abilities below -1 SD, cerebral palsy, or a hearing or a visual impairment. The association was assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model analysis, adjusting for known confounders for NDI, and mixed-model analysis.

Results: Of the 790 surviving infants (15% diagnosed with mild BPD, 9% with moderate BPD, and 10% with severe BPD), 88% and 82% were longitudinally assessed at 2 years and 5 years corrected age, respectively. The mixed-model analysis showed a statistically significant increase in NDI at all levels of BPD severity compared with infants with no BPD, and a 5-fold increased risk in NDI was seen from 2 years to 5 years corrected age in all degrees of BPD severity. The strength of this association between NDI and BPD severity did not change over time.

Conclusions: Increased BPD severity is associated with increased risk of NDI at both 2 years and 5 years corrected age. The absolute incidence of NDI increased significantly from 2 years to 5 years corrected age for all BPD severity categories, but this increased risk was similar at both time points in each category.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.12.018DOI Listing

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