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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15357597211027012 | DOI Listing |
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Phenotypic characterization of NK cells in 5-year-old children exposed to maternal HIV and antiretroviral therapy in early-life.
BMC Immunol
December 2024
Immunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Investigative Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, UZ-FMHS), Harare, Zimbabwe.
Background: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children are at increased risk of morbidity during the first years of life. Although the immune responses of HEU infants in early-life are relatively well described, studies of natural killer (NK) cells in older HEU children are lacking. NK cell subsets were analysed in HEU children and compared to those in HIV unexposed uninfected (HUU) children aged ~ five years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReduced number of alveoli after birth in rats exposed to iron in utero.
Pediatr Int
December 2024
Center for Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
Background: Clinical studies have shown that diffuse chorioamniotic hemosiderosis (DCH) is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, the details of the underlying mechanism are unknown. We focused on iron, one of the blood components that diffuses within the amniotic cavity in DCH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly-life IL-4 administration induces long-term changes in microglia in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex.
J Neurochem
January 2025
CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Microglia are crucial for brain development and their function can be impacted by postnatal insults, such as early-life allergies. These are characterized by an upregulation of interleukin (IL)-4 levels. Allergies share a strong comorbidity with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeroxisomal dysfunction interferes with odontogenesis and leads to developmentally delayed teeth and defects in distinct dental cells in Pex11b-deficient mice.
PLoS One
December 2024
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Human peroxisomal biogenesis disorders of the Zellweger syndrome spectrum affect skeletal development and induce tooth malformations. Whereas several peroxisomal knockout mouse studies elucidated the pathogenesis of skeletal defects, little information is available on how dental pathologies arise in peroxisomal biogenesis disorder patients. To understand the impact of severe peroxisomal dysfunction on early odontogenesis, here we performed morphometric studies on developing molars of new-born Pex11b knockout mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissecting the Impact of Genetic Background on Oncogenic Response to Radiation Exposure in the Mouse Model.
Cells
November 2024
Division of Biotechnologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy.
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a common primary brain cancer in children. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is indispensable for the normal development of the cerebellum, and MB is often caused by persistent SHH activation owing to mutations in pathway components. Patched1 () is the primary receptor for the SHH ligand and a negative regulator of the SHH signal transduction pathway.
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