Novice nurses' mental health assessment practice is characterised by lack of consistency, despite mental health assessment being a core issue in professional nursing and patient safety across health services. This study aimed to identify mental health signs relevant for an assessment tool suitable for student and novice nurses. A document analysis approach was applied, and content analysis was used to analyse data extracted from carefully selected documents. Four main categories of mental health issues were identified: risk issues, symptom issues, psychological issues and self-care issues. Mental health signs were thereafter grouped in ten sub-categories characterising mental health concerns. These were: risk concerns, psychotic concerns, mood, affect and energy concerns, substance use concerns, somatic concerns, perception concerns, communication concerns, cognitive concerns, anxiety concerns and self-care concerns. The identified signs are considered relevant for student and novice nurses to learn and can be further developed into a clinical assessment tool for use in nursing education to strengthen mental health assessment competence in nursing education.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2021.2013360 | DOI Listing |
Background: In Alzheimer's Disease trials, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) are commonly utilized as inclusionary criteria at screening. These measures, however, do not always reaffirm inclusionary status at baseline. Score changes between screening and baseline visits may imply potential score inflation at screening leading to inappropriate participant enrollment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Senile dementia (SD) is a deteriorative organic brain disorder and it comprises Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a major variant. SD is shown impairment of mental capacities whereas AD is degeneration of neurons. According to World Health Organization (WHO) report; more than 55 million peoples have dementia and it is raising 10 million new cases every year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Dysregulated GABA/somatostatin (SST) signaling has been implicated in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The inhibition of excitatory neurons by SST+ interneurons, particularly through α5-containing GABAA receptors (α5-GABAAR), plays a crucial role in mitigating cognitive functions. Previous research demonstrated that an α5-positive allosteric modulator (α5-PAM) mitigates working memory deficits and reverses neuronal atrophy in aged mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Selecting the optimal dose for clinical development is especially problematic for drugs directed at CNS-specific targets. For drugs with a novel mechanism of action, these problems are often greater. We describe Xanamem's clinical pharmacology, including the approach to dose selection and proof-of-concept studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Background: Some types of cancer have been associated with reduced risk of clinical dementia diagnosis. Whether cancer history may be associated with neuropathological features of neurodegeneration or cerebrovascular disease is not well understood. We investigated the relation between cancer diagnosis and brain pathology in a sample of community-based research volunteers enrolled in an Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) cohort.
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