Numbers are symbols manipulated in accord with the axioms of arithmetic. They sometimes represent discrete and continuous quantities (e.g., numerosities, durations, rates, distances, directions, and probabilities), but they are often simply names. Brains, including insect brains, represent the rational numbers with a fixed-point data type, consisting of a significand and an exponent, thereby conveying both magnitude and precision.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X21000959 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Moderate stability of risk and ambiguity attitudes across quantitative and qualitative decisions.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Uncertainty lies at the heart of everyday choices, affecting both decisions about precise quantities and those with less tangible, more qualitative, outcomes. Previous literature on decisions under uncertainty focused on alternatives with quantifiable outcomes, for example monetary lotteries. In such scenarios, decision-makers make decisions based on success chance, outcome magnitude, and individual preferences for uncertainty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing TMS dosimetry: evaluating the effective electric field as a novel metric.
Phys Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET) , University of Rome La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, Rome, 00184, ITALY.
Objective: This study introduces the effective electric field (Eeff) as a novel observable for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) numerical dosimetry. Eeff represents the electric field component aligned with the local orientation of cortical and white matter neuronal elements. To assess the utility of Eeff as a predictive measure for TMS outcomes, we evaluated its correlation with TMS induced muscle responses and compared it against conventional observables, including the electric (E-)field magnitude, and its components normal and tangential to the cortical surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign of an Adaptive Fixed-Time Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for Multi-Link Robots Actuated by Pneumatic Artificial Muscles.
Biomimetics (Basel)
January 2025
School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, UK.
Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are flexible actuators that can be contracted or expanded by applying air pressure. They are used in robotics, prosthetics, and other applications requiring flexible and compliant actuation. PAMs are basically designed to mimic the function of biological muscles, providing a high force-to-weight ratio and smooth, lifelike movement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman talocrural contributions to ankle joint complex kinematics during walking, running, and hopping.
Heliyon
January 2025
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
The human ankle joint complex, consisting of calcaneus, talus, and tibia, is often simplified as a single functional ankle joint, neglecting the motion of the talus. Understanding the individual contributions of the talus and calcaneus is crucial for comprehending ankle joint complex function in healthy populations, and alterations in function that may exist in clinical conditions. To achieve accurate bone kinematics, high-resolution biplanar videoradiography was used with participants engaged in walking and running (n = 9) and hopping (n = 9) with no overlap in participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBRCA functional domains associated with high risk of multiple primary tumors and domain-related sensitivity to olaparib: the Prometheus Study.
ESMO Open
January 2025
Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bind.), Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Background: Germline pathogenic variants (gPVs) in the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) genes confer high-penetrance susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC). Although most female BRCA carriers develop only a single BRCA-associated tumor in their lifetime, a smaller subpopulation is diagnosed with multiple primary tumors (MPTs). The genetic factors influencing this risk remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!