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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202111-2602ED | DOI Listing |
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Alzheimer's disease (AD), a leading cause of dementia, is associated with significant respiratory dysfunctions. Our study explores the role of astrogliosis in the brainstem retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), a key breathing regulatory center, and its impact on breathing control and AD pathology in mice. Using Tg-2576 AD and wild-type mice, we investigated the effect of silencing the transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGFβR II) in the RTN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpioid-induced respiratory depression: clinical aspects and pathophysiology of the respiratory network effects.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
December 2024
The author is retired. The positions and affiliations are those prior to his retirement.
Important insights and consensus remain lacking for risk prediction of opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD), reversal of respiratory depression (RD), the pathophysiology of OIRD, and which sites make the most significant contribution to its induction. The ventilatory response to inhaled carbon dioxide is the most sensitive biomarker of OIRD. To accurately predict respiratory depression (RD), a multivariant RD prospective trial using continuous capnograph and oximetry examining 5 independent variables: age ≥60, sex, opioid naivety, sleep disorders, and chronic heart failure (PRODIGY trial), was undertaken.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted TGF-βR2 Silencing in the Retrotrapezoid Nucleus Mitigates Respiratory Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with and without Stroke.
Transl Stroke Res
November 2024
Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) leads to amyloid-beta deposition in blood vessels, causing neurovascular issues like ischemic strokes that affect brain functions, including breathing and cognition.
- The study investigates how Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) signaling in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) impacts respiratory and cognitive functions in CAA mice, utilizing techniques like viral injections and behavioral tests.
- Results indicate that silencing TGF-βR2 in the RTN improves both respiratory and cognitive functions in CAA mice, suggesting that manipulating TGF-β signaling could be a potential therapeutic approach for these impairments.
Interactions between Arousal State and CO Determine the Activity of Central Chemoreceptor Neurons That Drive Breathing.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
The homeostatic regulation of pulmonary ventilation, and ultimately arterial PCO, depends on interactions between respiratory chemoreflexes and arousal state. The ventilatory response to CO is triggered by neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) that function as sensors of central pH, which can be identified in adulthood by the expression of Phox2b and neuromedin B. Here, we examine the dynamic response of genetically defined RTN neurons to hypercapnia and arousal state in freely behaving adult male and female mice using the calcium indicator jGCaMP7 and fiber photometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdapt or Die: Seizures Weaken Chemosensory Responses of Retrotrapezoid Nucleus Neurons to Hypercapnia.
Epilepsy Curr
September 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University.
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