Activatable NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Highly Sensitive and Selective Visualization of Glutathione .

Anal Chem

Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.

Published: December 2021

Visualization of glutathione (GSH) enables us to understand GSH-related pathophysiological processes in living subjects. Currently, visualization methods of GSH are based on visible or first near-infrared (NIR-I) window fluorescence (FL) probes, which possess limitations due to their low tissue penetration depth and strong tissue autofluorescence. Herein, we developed a GSH-activatable second near-infrared (NIR-II) window FL probe (denoted as LET-7) for highly sensitive and selective visualization of GSH . LET-7, composed of an anionic polymethylcyanide skeleton linked with a FL quenching group of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenethiol, can be specifically activated by GSH, thus triggering a significant NIR-II FL emission enhancement with excellent photostability, which enables us to efficiently distinguish GSH from closely related low-molecular-weight biothiols. The limit of detection of LET-7 for GSH was determined to be as low as 85 nM. Most intriguingly, the studies demonstrated that LET-7 showed high sensitivity and good selectivity toward GSH. Therefore, our study provides a solution to design activatable NIR-II FL probes for imaging of GSH and other disease-related biomarkers.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04504DOI Listing

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