Upon photoexcitation, molecules can undergo numerous complex processes, such as isomerization and roaming, leading to changes in the molecular and electronic structure. Here, we report on the time-resolved ultrafast nuclear dynamics, initiated by laser ionization, in the two structural isomers, 1- and 2-propanol, using a combination of pump-probe spectroscopy and coincident Coulomb explosion imaging. Our measurements, paired with quantum chemistry calculations, identify the mechanisms for the observed two- and three-body dissociation channels for both isomers. In particular, the fragmentation channel of 2-propanol associated with the loss of CH shows possible evidence of methyl roaming. Moreover, the electronic structure of this roaming methyl fragment could be responsible for the enhanced ionization also observed for this channel. Finally, comparison with similar studies done on ethanol and acetonitrile helps establish a correlation between the length of the alkyl chain and the likelihood of hydrogen migration.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp04011a | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
October 2024
Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
For many chemical reactions, it remains notoriously difficult to predict and experimentally determine the rates and branching ratios between different reaction channels. This is particularly the case for reactions involving short-lived intermediates, whose observation requires ultrafast methods. The UV photochemistry of bromoform (CHBr) is among the most intensely studied photoreactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
September 2024
Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105-1899, United States.
The impacts of Criegee intermediates (CIs) on atmospheric chemistry depend significantly on the CI conformation. In this Perspective, I highlight examples of how electronic structure and statistical rate theory calculations, in conjunction with experiment, have revealed conformation-dependent details of both CI ground-state reactivity and electronic excitation. Calculations using single-reference electronic structure methods and conventional transition state theory have predicted that CIs with -alkyl or -vinyl substituents isomerize rapidly to vinyl hydroperoxides (VHPs) or dioxoles, both of which can decompose rapidly under atmospheric conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
December 2023
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.
The formation of low-volatility organic compounds in the ozonolysis of α-pinene, the dominant atmospheric monoterpene, provides an important route to aerosol formation. In this work, we consider a previously unexplored set of pathways for the formation of highly oxygenated molecules in α-pinene ozonolysis. Pioneering, direct experimental observations of Lester and co-workers have demonstrated a significant production of hydroxycarbonyl products in the dissociation of Criegee intermediates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2023
Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States.
Alkene ozonolysis generates short-lived Criegee intermediates that are a significant source of hydroxyl (OH) radicals. This study demonstrates that roaming of the separating OH radicals can yield alternate hydroxycarbonyl products, thereby reducing the OH yield. Specifically, hydroxybutanone has been detected as a stable product arising from roaming in the unimolecular decay of the methyl-ethyl-substituted Criegee intermediate (MECI) under thermal flow cell conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
January 2023
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, People's Republic of China.
As a potential insulation gas to replace sulfur hexafluoride (SF) due to environmental concerns, trifluoromethanesulonyl fluoride (CFSOF) has attracted great interests in various high-voltage electric applications. Thermal stability of CFSOF plays an important role in the rational design of the gas-insulated electric equipment. Unimolecular decomposition of CFSOF was investigated using high-level ab initio methods including the explicitly correlated RCCSD(T)-F12, the composite ROCBS-QB3, and the multireference RS2 extrapolated to complete basis set limit on the basis of M06-2X-, B2PLYPD3-, and CCSD-optimized geometrical parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!