AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate the link between smoking and COVID-19 severity among hospitalized patients in Japan, using a large dataset of 17,666 patients aged 20-89.
- Results showed that former smokers had an increased risk of severe COVID-19 (grades 3/4/5) and death (grade 5), but current smoking did not significantly affect these risks for either men or women.
- The findings suggest that smoking itself isn't directly tied to worse COVID-19 outcomes; rather, underlying health issues related to smoking are the significant factors, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation for reducing severe disease risk.
Article Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify associations between smoking status and the severity of COVID-19, using a large-scale data registry of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan (COVIREGI-JP), and to explore the reasons for the inconsistent results previously reported on this subject.
Methods: The analysis included 17 666 COVID-19 inpatients aged 20-89 years (10 250 men and 7416 women). We graded the severity of COVID-19 (grades 0 to 5) according to the most intensive treatment required during hospitalization. The smoking status of severe grades 3/4/5 (invasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/death) and separately of grade 5 (death) were compared with that of grade 0 (no oxygen, reference group) using multiple logistic regression. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age and other factors considering the potential intermediate effects of comorbidities.
Results: Among men, former smoking significantly increased the risk of grade 3/4/5 and grade 5, using grade 0 as a reference group, with age- and admission-date-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.51 (1.18-1.93) and 1.65 (1.22-2.24), respectively. An additional adjustment for comorbidities weakened the ORs. Similar results were seen for women. Current smoking did not significantly increase the risk of grade 3/4/5 and grade 5 in either sex.
Conclusions: The severity of COVID-19 was not associated with current or former smoking per se but with the comorbidities caused by smoking. Thus, smoking cessation is likely to be a key factor for preventing smoking-related disease and hence for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689860 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab254 | DOI Listing |
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