A haematological study was done in several villages in the northern province of Cabo Delgado in Mozambique. The prevalence of sickle cell trait (HbAS) was found to be about 4%. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in males was about 18%. No significant differences were found in haemoglobin values between HbAA and HbAS individuals and between G6PD deficient and G6PD normal individuals. The number of males with both HbAS and G6PD deficiency was not significantly greater than expected.
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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a well-known red blood cell enzymopathy and a cause of intravascular hemolysis. This case report presents a child with underlying G6PD deficiency who experienced an acute episode of extensive intravascular hemolysis induced by a scrub typhus infection. The key takeaway from this report is that scrub typhus infection can trigger extensive hemolysis in patients with even "mild" G6PD deficiency, and normal G6PD levels found during the acute phase of hemolysis do not rule out the possibility of underlying G6PD deficiency.
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