HER4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is required for the evolution of normal body systems such as cardiovascular, nervous, and endocrine systems, especially the mammary glands. It is activated through ligand binding and activates MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways. HER4 is commonly expressed in many human tissues, both adult and fetal. It is important to understand the role of HER4 in the treatment of many disorders. Many studies were also conducted on the role of HER4 in tumors and its tumor suppressor function. Mostly, overexpression of HER4 kinase results in cancer development. In the present article, we reviewed the structure, location, ligands, physiological functions of HER4, and its relationship to different cancer types. HER4 inhibitors reported mainly from 2016 to the present were reviewed as well.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237376 | DOI Listing |
Protein Sci
October 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2024
Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan.
Notch signaling is a conserved pathway crucial for nervous system development. Disruptions in this pathway are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and brain tumors. genes, major downstream targets of Notch, are commonly used as markers for Notch activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Pharm Rep
April 2024
Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Background And Aims: The carcinogenic effect of arsenic is a subject of controversy in relation to breast cancer. In our current research, we aimed to simulate the effects of chronic low-level arsenic exposure on breast cells by intoxicating MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells with 1 μM Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) for 3 weeks (3w) and 6 weeks (6w), respectively.
Methods: We assessed the cellular responses to As2O3 through various assays, including confocal fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis, Transwell invasion assay, scratch assay, and colony assay.
Cancer Res Treat
October 2024
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Purpose: Varlitinib is a pan-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) inhibitor targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and HER4. We present a phase Ib/II study of a combination of varlitinib and weekly paclitaxel as a second-line treatment for patients with EGFR/HER2 co-expressing advanced gastric cancer (AGC).
Materials And Methods: Patients whose tumors with EGFR and HER2 overexpression by immunohistochemistry (≥ 1+) were enrolled.
Biomed Pharmacother
May 2024
Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
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