Genetic Analysis of Hexaploid Wheat ( L.) Using the Complete Sequencing of Chloroplast DNA and Haplotype Analysis of the Gene.

The aim of the presented study is a genetic characterization of the hexaploid wheat L. Two approaches were used for the genealogical study of hexaploid wheats-the complete sequencing of chloroplast DNA and PCR-based haplotype analysis of the fourth intron of and of the fifth-to-sixth-exon region of The complete chloroplast DNA sequences of 13 hexaploid wheat samples were determined: Free-threshing- subsp. , one sample; subsp. , two samples; subsp. , one sample; subsp. four samples. Hulled- subsp. , three samples; subsp. jakubz two samples. The comparative analysis of complete cpDNA sequences of 20 hexaploid wheat samples (13 samples in this article plus 7 samples sequenced in this laboratory in 2018) was carried out. PCR-based haplotype analysis of the fourth intron of and of the fifth-to-sixth exon region of of all 20 hexaploid wheat samples was carried out. The 20 hexaploid wheat samples (13 samples in this article plus 7 samples in 2018) can be divided into two groups- subsp. three samples and subsp. collected in Armenia, and the remaining 16 samples, including subsp. collected in Europe (Sweden). If we take the cpDNA of Chinese Spring as a reference, 25 SNPs can be identified. Furthermore, 13-14 SNPs can be identified in subsp. and subsp. (Vav1). In the other samples up to 11 SNPs were detected. 22 SNPs are found in the intergenic regions, 2 found in introns, and 10 SNPs were found in the genes, of which seven are synonymous. PCR-based haplotype analysis of the fourth intron of and the fifth-to-sixth-exon region of provides an opportunity to make an assumption that hexaploid wheats subsp. var. and var. differ from other macha samples by the absence of a 42 bp insertion in the fourth intron of . One possible explanation for this observation would be that two Coss. (A) and (B) participated in the formation of hexaploids through the D genome: (A)-macha (1-5, 7, 8, 10-12), and (B)-macha M6, M9, subsp. cv. 'Chinese Spring' and cv. 'Red Doly'.