AI Article Synopsis
- Wilms' tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation (WAGR) syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion on chromosome 11p13, leading to various developmental issues, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
- A case study of a 6-year-old boy with WAGR syndrome illustrates severe developmental delays and unique sensory processing challenges, such as hypoesthesia (reduced sensitivity) and strong sensory-seeking behavior.
- Findings from sensory evaluations and brain function tests suggest that understanding these sensory dysfunctions in WAGR syndrome can enhance rehabilitation strategies and educational support for affected children.
Article Abstract
Background: Wilms' tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation (WAGR) syndrome is a contiguous gene deletion syndrome caused by a de novo deletion including the 11p13 region. Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently observed in patients with WAGR syndrome, few reports have comprehensively described its characteristics. We herein present the detailed neuropsychological and neurophysiological findings of a patient with WAGR syndrome complicated with severe psychomotor developmental delay and ASD.
Case Presentation: The patient is presently a 6-year-old boy. Microarray analysis revealed a 7.1 Mb loss at 11p14.3-p13 and a 9.3 Mb loss at 11p13-p12, which encompassed the PAX6, WT1, and PRRG4 genes. His behavioral features were characteristic even among the ASD population: severe hypoesthesia to touch, pain, and temperature in addition to remarkable sensory seeking posing a high risk of serious accident. Sensory Profile analysis objectively identified a strong preference for sensory stimulation. Furthermore, his somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) showed a mild delay in central conduction time, suggesting partial brain stem dysfunction-induced hypoalgesia.
Discussion: This first attempt to characterize sensory dysfunction using Sensory Profile and SSEP in WAGR syndrome may contribute to understanding its neuropsychological features and improve the quality of rehabilitation and socioeducational support in affected children.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2021.11.006 | DOI Listing |
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