Background: Cyathostomins are the most important and common parasitic nematodes of horses, with > 50 species known to occur worldwide. The frequent and indiscriminate use of anthelmintics has resulted in the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR) in horse nematodes. In this study we assessed the efficacy of commonly used anthelmintics against cyathostomins in Australian thoroughbred horses.
Methods: Two drug efficacy trials per farm were conducted on two thoroughbred horse farms in the state of Victoria, Australia. In the first trial, the horses on Farm A were treated with single and combinations of anthelmintics, including oxfendazole (OFZ), abamectin (ABM), abamectin and morantel (ABM + MOR), moxidectin (MOX) and oxfendazole and pyrantel (OFZ + PYR), at the recommended doses, whereas the horses on Farm B only received MOX, at the recommended dose. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to determine the efficacy and egg reappearance period (ERP) of anthelmintics. Based on the results of the first trial, the efficacies of MOX and a combination of ABM + MOR were reassessed to confirm their activities against cyathostomins.
Results: Of the five anthelmintic products tested on Farm A, resistance against OFZ, ABM and OFZ + PYR was found, with efficacies of - 41% (- 195% lower confidence limit [LCL]), 73% (60% LCL) and 82% (66% LCL) at 2 weeks post-treatment, respectively. The FECRT showed high efficacies of MOX and ABM + MOR (100%) at 2 week post-treatment and shortened ERPs for these anthelmintics (ABM + MOR: 4 weeks; MOX: 5 weeks). Resistance to MOX was found on Farm B, with a reduced efficacy of 90% (70% LCL) and 89% (82% LCL) at 2 weeks post-treatment in trials one and two, respectively.
Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence of MOX- and multidrug-resistant (ABM and combinations of anthelmintics) cyathostomins in Australia and indicates the need for continuous surveillance of the efficacy of currently effective anthelmintics and large-scale investigations to assess the ERP for various anthelmintics.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8645149 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-05103-8 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The impact of an integrated intervention program combining drug therapy with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) education on reinfection with intestinal parasitic infections among the Karen hill tribe in northern Thailand.
Parasit Vectors
December 2024
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a major health problem among the Karen hill tribe in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an integrated intervention program of drug therapy combined with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) education on reinfection with IPIs among the Karen hill tribe in an endemic area of northern Thailand.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in two Karen villages, involving 691 residents, in Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province; one village was designated as the intervention group and the other as the control group.
Primary intraperitoneal hydatid cyst presenting with abdominal distension: A case report.
Int J Surg Case Rep
December 2024
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Electronic address:
Introduction: Peritoneal hydatid disease accounts for 2-13 % of abdominal hydatidosis cases. Due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and potential for multi-organ involvement, the condition is often misdiagnosed. Evidence on managing primary peritoneal hydatid cysts remains limited, presenting challenges in diagnosis and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Combined echinococcosis of the lungs, heart and liver: clinic, diagnosis and treatment. Case report].
Ter Arkh
December 2024
Medsi group Joint Stock Company.
Echinococcosis or hidatid disease is a parasitic illness which is caused by the most common pathogens , and . When the agent gets into the organism, it penetrates the organ and forms a cyst. Cysts are located more often (75%) in the liver where they exist without any clinical manifestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign and evaluation of multicomponent systems as a potential strategy to enhance the pharmaceutical performance of albendazole desmotropes.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm
December 2024
Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre and Medina Allende, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina; Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA) CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina. Electronic address:
Albendazole, an anthelmintic recognized by the World Health Organization as an essential medicine, is known to have limitations in solubility and bioavailability. To improve these properties, binary and ternary multicomponent systems were designed employing different combinations of albendazole desmotropes with maltodextrin and aspartic acid. The impact of these systems in solution was evaluated through phase solubility analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Nematocidal Effect of Leiurus quinquestratus Scorpion Venom on Toxocara canis in Mice Model.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
December 2024
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
One neglected zoonotic illness is toxocariasis. There are not enough anthelmintic drugs in the market to treat low-effectiveness toxocariasis against migrating larvae. Therefore, it is critical to find new, safe alternatives to toxocariasis treatment today.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!