Surgical approach for iatrogenic tracheoesophageal fistula. Case report and literature review.

Background: Post-intubation tracheoesophageal fistula is a severe complication in long-term mechanical ventilation patients with possible fatal consequences.

Objective: To describe a case of post-intubation tracheoesophageal fistula and its surgical management. In addition, a brief literature review was effectuated.

Case Report: 45-year-old female, suffers ischemic stroke with progressive neurological damage that requires long-term mechanical ventilation. During endoscopic gastrostomy tracheoesophageal fistula is shown.

Results: Undergoes surgery for esophageal repair and tracheal resection, through cervicosternotomy. Unfortunately died in the immediate postoperative period.

Conclusions: This complex pathology requires structured protocols for its prevention in patients in whom long-term mechanical ventilation is expected.