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Deciphering Consciousness: The Role of Corticothalamocortical Interactions in General Anesthesia.
Pharmacol Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China. Electronic address:
General anesthesia is administered to millions of individuals each year, however, the precise mechanism by which it induces unconsciousness remains unclear. While some theories suggest that anesthesia shares similarities with natural sleep, targeting sleep-promoting areas and inhibiting arousal nuclei, recent research indicates a more complex process. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of corticothalamocortical circuits, which are involved in higher cognitive functions, in controlling arousal states and modulating transitions between different conscious states during anesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeciphering brain activation during wrist movements: comparative fMRI and fNIRS analysis of active, passive, and imagery states.
Exp Brain Res
December 2024
Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Understanding the complex activation patterns of brain regions during motor tasks is crucial. Integrated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers advanced insights into how brain activity fluctuates with motor activities. This study explores neuronal activation patterns in the cerebral cortex during active, passive, and imagined wrist movements using these functional imaging techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeciphering the Complexity of the Immune Cell Landscape in Kidney Allograft Rejection.
Transpl Int
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
While the Banff classification dichotomizes kidney allograft rejection based on the localization of the cells in the different compartments of the cortical kidney tissue [schematically interstitium for T cell mediated rejection (TCMR) and glomerular and peritubular capillaries for antibody-mediated rejection (AMR)], there is a growing evidences that subtyping the immune cells can help refine prognosis prediction and treatment tailoring, based on a better understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney allograft rejection. In the last few years, multiplex IF techniques and automatic counting systems as well as transcriptomics studies (bulk, single-cell and spatial techniques) have provided invaluable clues to further decipher the complex puzzle of rejection. In this review, we aim to better describe the inflammatory infiltrates that occur during the course of kidney transplant rejection (active AMR, chronic active AMR and acute and chronic active TCMR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemporal response patterns of Layer 4 rat barrel cortex neurons across various naturalistic whisker motions.
PLoS One
December 2024
School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
A central topic in neuroscience is the neural coding problem which aims to decipher how the brain signals sensory information through neural activity. Despite significant advancements in this area, the characterisation of information encoding through the precise timing of spikes in the somatosensory cortex is limited. Here, we utilised a comprehensive dataset from previous studies to identify and characterise temporal response patterns of Layer 4 neurons of the rat barrel cortex to five distinct stimuli with varying complexities: Basic, Contact, Whisking, Rough, and Smooth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpall: accurate and robust unveiling cellular landscapes from spatially resolved transcriptomics data using a decomposition network.
BMC Bioinformatics
December 2024
Center of Intelligent Medicine, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, Shandong, China.
Recent developments in spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) enable the characterization of spatial structures for different tissues. Many decomposition methods have been proposed to depict the cellular distribution within tissues. However, existing computational methods struggle to balance spatial continuity in cell distribution with the preservation of cell-specific characteristics.
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