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A narrative review of occupational solar ultraviolet radiation in Britain and skin cancer.
Occup Med (Lond)
January 2025
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK.
Background: Occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) is known to cause malignant melanoma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, knowledge of the causal associations has developed erratically.
Aims: This review aims to identify when it was accepted that workplace solar UV exposure could cause skin cancer and when it was recognized that there was a risk for outdoor workers in Britain, identifying the steps employers should have taken to protect their workers.
Enhancing the power quality in radial electrical systems using optimal sizing and selective allocation of distributed generations.
PLoS One
January 2025
Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), Université de Lorraine & CentraleSupélec, Metz, France.
Optimizing energy resources is a major priority these days. Increasing household energy demand often leads to the deterioration of poorly sized distribution networks. This paper presents a method for energy compensation and optimization in radial distribution systems (ORDS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign and Test of a Calibration System for Avalanche Photodiodes Used in X-Ray Compton Polarimeters for Space.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
SCAI Connect s.r.l., Via Vincenzo Lamaro 51, 00173 Rome, Italy.
The development and calibration of a measurement system designed for assessing the performance of the avalanche photodiodes (APDs) used in the Compton scattering polarimeter of the CUSP project is discussed in this work. The designed system is able to characterize the APD gain GAPD and energy resolution across a wide range of temperatures (from -20 °C to +60 °C) and bias voltages Vbias (from 260 V to 410 V). The primary goal was to experimentally determine the GAPD dependence on the and Vbias in order to establish a strategy for stabilizing GAPD by compensating for fluctuations, acting on Vbias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficient Functional Compensation Layer Integrated with HTL for Improved Stability and Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells.
Small
January 2025
Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
Improving the interface characteristics between the hole-transport layer (HTL) and perovskite absorber layer is crucial for achieving maximum efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This paper presents an effective functional compensation layer (FCL) composed of benzothiophene derivatives, particularly 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (TFMBTA); this layer is introduced between the MeO-2PACz HTL and perovskite absorber layer to improve the interfacial characteristics between them. This FCL improves charge transfer, hole extraction, and perovskite deposition by improving the surface morphology of the HTL and optimizing the energy level alignment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObservational Assessment of Changes in Earth's Energy Imbalance Since 2000.
Surv Geophys
May 2024
NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
Satellite observations from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System show that Earth's energy imbalance has doubled from 0.5 ± 0.2 Wm during the first 10 years of this century to 1.
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