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Drurey et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211140) show that excretory/secretory products from the parasitic helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus suppress the host-protective small intestinal epithelial response. These findings establish that helminths directly modulate the tissue in which they live, shining new light on the host-parasite interaction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20212207 | DOI Listing |
STAR Protoc
December 2023
Wellcome Centre of Integrative Parasitology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address:
Parasitic helminth worms frequently infect the gastrointestinal tract and interact with the intestinal epithelium and specialized cell types within it. Intestinal organoids derived from stem cells that line the intestine represent a transformational technology in the study of epithelial-parasite dialogue. Here, we present a protocol for establishing small intestine organoid cultures and administering parasite products of interest to these cultures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Immunol
May 2022
CEMIR-Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
The intestinal tract is a common site for various types of infections including viruses, bacteria, and helminths, each requiring specific modes of immune defense. The intestinal epithelium has a pivotal role in both immune initiation and effector stages, which are coordinated by lymphocyte cytokines such as IFNγ, IL-13, and IL-22. Here, we studied intestinal epithelial immune responses using organoid image analysis based on a convolutional neural network, transcriptomic analysis, and in vivo infection models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMucosal Immunol
June 2022
Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key innate immune mediator with chemokine- and cytokine-like properties in the inflammatory pathway. While its actions on macrophages are well-studied, its effects on other cell types are less understood. Here we report that MIF is required for expansion of intestinal tuft cells during infection with the helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Med
January 2022
Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Drurey et al. (2021. J.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Med
January 2022
Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, UK.
Helminth parasites are adept manipulators of the immune system, using multiple strategies to evade the host type 2 response. In the intestinal niche, the epithelium is crucial for initiating type 2 immunity via tuft cells, which together with goblet cells expand dramatically in response to the type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. However, it is not known whether helminths modulate these epithelial cell populations.
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