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Vanadium dioxide (VO) is an undervalued plasmonic material that can change from a metal to an insulator, which opens up new research opportunities.
The study introduces a technique to adjust the surface plasmon properties of VO by changing its atomic structure, achieving impressive tunability of its resonance energy (0.66-1.16 eV) and temperature range (40-100 °C).
The findings indicate that VO has promising applications in areas like energy-efficient smart windows, wearable camouflage tech, and secure ink for encryption.
Article Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO) is a unique active plasmonic material due to its intrinsic metal-insulator transition, remaining less explored. Herein, we pioneer a method to tailor the VO surface plasmon by manipulating its atomic defects and establish a universal quantitative understanding based on seven representative defective VO systems. Record high tunability is achieved for the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) energy (0.66-1.16 eV) and transition temperature range (40-100 °C). The Drude model and density functional theory reveal that the charge of cations plays a dominant role in the numbers of valence electrons to determine the free electron concentration. We further demonstrate their superior performances in extensive unconventional plasmonic applications including energy-saving smart windows, wearable camouflage devices, and encryption inks.
