AI Article Synopsis
- - The study reveals that ambient particulate matter (PM) can transmit influenza viruses directly to human lungs, with a significant portion of inhaled PM reaching the alveolar epithelium.
- - During the study period in Taipei, approximately 79% of inhaled PM reached the airways, and various influenza viruses, including A and B, were found in PM samples collected on multiple days.
- - Chemical interactions in PM, particularly with substances like carbon black and certain organics, influence the viral levels of influenza A, B, and A/H5, highlighting the role of air pollution in the viability of these viruses.
Article Abstract
The significance of this work is that ambient PM is a direct transmission mode for influenza virus infection to the human alveolar epithelium. The concentration of PM was 11.7 ± 5.5 μg/m in Taipei during 24 December 2019-13 January 2020. Approximately 79% of inhaled PM is able to reach the upper-to-lower airway, and 47% of PM is able to reach the alveolar epithelium for influenza virus infection. Influenza A and B viruses were detected in PM on 9 days, and the influenza A/H5 virus was detected on 15 days during the study period. FL and Pyr were negatively correlated with the influenza A virus. D(ah)P and Acp were positively correlated with the influenza B and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Cd, V, and Zn were positively correlated with the influenza A, B, and A/H5 viruses, respectively. Next, influenza A, B, and A/H5 viral plasmids interacted with carbon black, HO, DEPs, and UD. We observed that HO significantly decreased levels of complementary DNA of the three influenza viruses. DEPs and UD significantly decreased influenza A and A/H5 viral levels. In conclusion, chemicals in PM may play vital roles in terms of viable influenza virus in the atmosphere.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127243 | DOI Listing |
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