Objectives: We compared the trajectory of activities of daily living (ADL) in a nationally representative sample of older Nigerians with their Spanish peers and identified factors to explain country-specific growth models.
Methods: Data from two household multistage probability samples were used, comprising older adults from Spain ( = 2,011) and Nigeria ( = 1,704). All participants underwent assessment for ADL. Risk factors including sex, household income, urbanicity, years of education, depression, alcohol consumption and smoking were assessed using validated methods. State-space model in continuous time (SSM-CT) methods were used for trajectory comparison.
Results: Compared with Nigerians (µ=0.44, = 0.015, < 0.001), Spanish older adults had higher disability scores (µ=1.23, = 0.021, < 0.001). In SSM-CT models, the rate of increase in disability was faster in Nigerians (Nigeria: β = 0.061, <.01; Spain: β = 0.028, < 0.010). An increasing course of disability in the Spanish sample was predicted by female sex, lower education and depression diagnosis.
Conclusion: The rate of increase in disability was faster in older Nigerians living in an economically disadvantaged context.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2021.2008307 | DOI Listing |
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