(1) Background: The impact of occupational exposure to high doses of pesticides on hematologic disorders is widely studied. Yet, lifelong exposure to low doses of pesticides, and more particularly their cocktail effect, although poorly known, could also participate to the development of such hematological diseases as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in elderly patients. (2) Methods: In this study, a cocktail of seven pesticides frequently present in water and food (maneb, mancozeb, iprodione, imazalil, chlorpyrifos ethyl, diazinon and dimethoate), as determined by the European Food Safety Authority, were selected. Their in vitro effects at low-doses on primary BM-MSCs from healthy volunteers were examined. (3) Results: Exposure of normal BM-MSCs to pesticides for 21 days inhibited cell proliferation and promoted DNA damage and senescence. Concomitantly, these cells presented a decrease in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2: mRNA, protein and enzymatic activity) and an increase in acetaldehyde levels. Pharmacological inhibition of ALDH2 with disulfiram recapitulated the alterations induced by exposure to low doses of pesticides. Moreover, BM-MSCs capacity to support primitive hematopoiesis was significantly altered. Similar biological abnormalities were found in primary BM-MSCs derived from MDS patients. (4) Conclusions: these results suggest that ALDH2 could participate in the pathophysiology of MDS in elderly people long exposed to low doses of pesticides.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225699 | DOI Listing |
Chemosphere
January 2025
Department of Agriculture and Allied Science, CV Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Electronic address:
The pace of research efforts has been extraordinarily accelerated across the globe to address the contamination issues caused by pesticides, and fertilizers, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. The sole aim of this study was to assess the effect of urea on Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this purpose, the fish fingerlings were exposed to increasing concentrations of urea such as 0, 1, 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
The white-backed planthopper (WBPH) poses a significant threat to rice crops globally. A bioassay was conducted on three WBPH populations collected from Korean rice fields to assess the effectiveness of five insecticides, including etofenprox and fenobucarb. The results showed a mortality rate of over 97% at the recommended concentration for carbamate and organophosphate insecticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Emergency Medicine, North West Regional Hospital, Burnie, AUS.
Organophosphate (OP) compounds, developed during World War II, are a group of chemicals used as pesticides, insecticides and herbicides. As irreversible inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), they reduce anti-cholinesterase activity and therefore increase acetylcholine (ACh) levels at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Diazinon, the OP leading to the patient's symptoms in this report, is an amber-brown liquid that was once the most widely used insecticide in the United States of America.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084, Italy.
The aim of this study is based on the searching of "new" potential environmentally friendly plant based products with herbicidal activity. The purpose of the study is also to find the source which is easy to harvest in high amount within the local environment. Salvia pratensis L.
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