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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.07.042 | DOI Listing |
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From Viral Infection to Skin Affliction: Unveiling Mechanisms of Cutaneous Manifestations in COVID-19 and Post-COVID Conditions.
J Invest Dermatol
February 2025
Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:
COVID-19 skin manifestations are multifaceted, ranging from urticaria, morbilliform or papulovesicular rash, livedoid purpuric lesions, and to pseudochilblains (also called COVID toes). Recent insights into the mechanism of these manifestations have highlighted that morbilliform, papulovesicular, and livedoid/purpuric rashes are related to virus-induced endothelial cell damage and linked to moderate-to-severe disease, whereas pseudochilblains are related to an exaggerated IFN-1 production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in protected individuals. In this paper, we will review the clinical and physiopathological features of cutaneous COVID-19 manifestations in relation to the direct viral cytopathic effects and dysregulated IFN-1 responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutaneous Manifestations of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Pediatric Age: A Case Report.
Cureus
September 2024
Nursing, Unidade de Saúde Familiar Planície, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alentejo Central, Évora, PRT.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic neoplastic disorder that mainly affects the skin and bones, with dermatological manifestations that can be easily confused with other dermatological conditions, such as seborrheic eczema, psoriasis, lesions of herpes simplex virus infection, fungal infection, lichen planus, and cutaneous lymphomas. This case report describes an eight-month-old infant who, at a child health appointment, presented with progressive erythematous papulovesicular lesions, initially treated with hygiene measures (skin hydration and hygiene) and mupirocin ointment, but which persisted and worsened, leading to a skin biopsy. The diagnosis of self-limiting congenital histiocytosis was confirmed, and the child was referred to the Portuguese Oncology Institute.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Epidermal multinucleated keratinocytes, also known as epidermal grape cells, are important for diagnosing certain skin conditions when no viral infections are present.
- - Their presence can indicate dermatoses caused by external factors like irritation or aggression, including dermatitis artefacta and factitial dermatitis.
- - Thermal damage, such as cryogenic injury, is one of the potential causes linked to the appearance of these cells.
Article Synopsis
- Hydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorder (HVLPD) is a rare condition linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primarily affecting children, potentially progressing to more severe lymphomas.
- A study analyzed 42 pediatric cases from Beijing Children's Hospital to assess clinical features and prognosis, revealing systemic symptoms in many patients and noting that severe mosquito bite allergy significantly impacts disease progression.
- Results indicated that T-type HVLPD was common, with some patients achieving remission, while the presence of a CD56+-dominant phenotype was associated with a worse outlook.
Papulovesicular Riddle in an Atopic Individual.
Cureus
April 2024
Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) leads to skin irritation and can increase the risk of infections, especially in those affected by the condition.
- Eczema herpeticum (EH) is a serious herpes simplex infection that appears as vesicles and erosions in areas already affected by AD, and misdiagnosing it can have severe consequences.
- Prompt identification and treatment with acyclovir are essential to prevent serious complications, as illustrated by a case involving a 19-year-old male with AD presenting a similar rash.
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