Colistin Resistant Genes Prevalence in Livestock Animals (Swine, Bovine, Poultry) from a Multinational Perspective. A Systematic Review.

The objective of this review is to collect and present the results of relevant studies on an international level, on the subject of colistin resistance due to genes prevalence in livestock animals. After a literature search, and using PRISMA guidelines principles, a total of 40 swine, 16 bovine and 31 poultry studies were collected concerning -1 gene; five swine, three bovine and three poultry studies referred to -2 gene; eight swine, one bovine, two poultry studies were about -3 gene; six swine, one bovine and one poultry manuscript studied -4 gene; five swine manuscripts studied -5 gene; one swine manuscript was about -6, -7, -8, -9 genes and one poultry study about -10 gene was found. Information about colistin resistance in bacteria derived from animals and animal product foods is still considered limited and that should be continually enhanced; most of the information about clinical isolates are relative to enteropathogens and spp. This review demonstrates the widespread dispersion of genes to livestock animals, indicating the need to further increase measures to control this important threat for public health issue.