Seroprevalence of the Serological Markers of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections among Volunteer Blood Donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.

Background: Transfusion-transmissible infections are well-known global health challenges. The present study is proposed to investigate the seropositivity of anti-HIV1/2, anti-HCV, HBsAg, and anti- among volunteer blood donors of Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.

Methods: Our study was conducted in a cross-sectional retrospective manner. The data of donors who attended Kosti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital throughout 2016 to 2018 were reviewed and retrieved manually from blood bank records.

Results: Out of 8139 donors, 22.52% were seropositive for serological markers of TTIs and 1.67% were seropositive for at least two serological markers of TTIs. The overall seropositivity rate of anti-HIV1/2, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti- was 1.77%, 6.07%, 1.14%, and 11.87%, respectively ( < 0.000). Anti- was the most frequently detected ( < 0.05) marker across all study variables. TTIs seroprevalence was significantly ( < 0.05) varied according to the age, residence, occupations, and blood groups. Notably, there was a rising trend in the rate of anti-HIV1/2 and seropositivity for more than one marker with age ( < 0.000). Regionally, rural area residents had a higher rate of anti-HIV1/2 (2.20%), HBsAg (6.31%), anti-HCV (1.42%), anti- (18.38%), and multiple markers seropositivity (2.28%) compared to urban areas. Between occupations, the highest rate of anti-HIV1/2 ( = 0.483), HBsAg ( = 0.003), anti-HCV ( = 0.408), anti- ( < 0.000), and multiple markers seropositivity ( < 0.000) were detected in farmers. Regarding the screening, we also found that the frequency of anti- was significantly ( = 0.003) higher in donors who carry the AB+ve blood group, whereas anti-HCV (1.83%) was more frequent in donors carry O-ve blood group ( = 0.255). As seen, anti-+HBsAg was the most frequently (1.22%) co-occurring markers. In contrast, anti-+anti-HIV1/2+HBsAg was the lowest frequency one ( < 0.000).

Conclusions: The study showed an alarming rate of TTIs, which suggests the requirement for comprehensive surveillance and health education programs.