Tertiary arsine ligands for the Stille coupling reaction.

The Stille coupling reaction is one of the most important coupling reactions. It is well known that the triphenylarsine ligand can accelerate the reaction rate of Stille coupling. However, other arsine ligands have never been investigated for the Stille coupling reaction so far. In this work, we prepared 13 kinds of -symmetrical tertiary arsine ligands and discovered that tri(-anisyl)arsine is the best ligand for the reaction of tributylvinyltin and -iodoanisole. The reaction mechanism was studied by dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations to demonstrate the energetic feasibility of the Stille coupling reactions mediated by tri(-anisyl)arsine.