Electrons in indirect semiconductors can optically transit between the valance and conduction band edges only when the momentum conservation is satisfied with help of a third quasi-particle, such as a phonon. In this report, we theoretically demonstrate that indirect interband transition of graphene electrons can be optically enabled only by light with highly enhanced transversal modes, which can be generated by scattering of point dipole radiation with periodic metal slits fabricated in a natural hyperbolic material. The light-matter interaction for graphene electrons is reformulated by using indirect transition matrix elements, and interband polarizations of graphene are obtained by solving quantum kinetic equations of motion in the semi-classical regime. The interband optical current density of graphene as a function of the polarization angle of the incident field shows clear hexagonal response to the high transversal modes of light, which results from the low dependence on dephasing rate and dominance of the indirect polarizations over the direct interband contributions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.445267 | DOI Listing |
Acta Biomater
January 2025
Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address:
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is suspected to affect the distribution of stress and strain near the vertebral endplates and in the underlying bone. This scenario is worsened by the presence of metastatic lesions on the vertebrae (primarily thoracic vertebrae (60-80%)) which increase the risk of fracture. As such, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of IVD degeneration on the internal volumetric strains and failure modes of human metastatic vertebral bodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, United States.
Solvent toxicity limits -butanol fermentation titer, increasing the cost and energy consumption for subsequent separation processes and making biobased production more expensive and energy-intensive than petrochemical approaches. Amphiphilic solvents such as -butanol partition into the cell membrane of fermenting microorganisms, thinning the transverse structure, and eventually causing a loss of membrane potential and cell death. In this work, we demonstrate the deleterious effects of -butanol partitioning upon the lateral dimension of the membrane structure, called membrane domains or lipid rafts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University,1601 E. Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
Damage in composite laminates evolves through complex interactions of different failure modes, influenced by load type, environment, and initial damage, such as from transverse impact. This paper investigates damage growth in cross-ply polymeric matrix laminates under tensile load, focusing on three primary failure modes: transverse matrix cracks, delaminations, and fiber breaks in the primary loadbearing 0-degree laminae. Acoustic emission (AE) techniques can monitor and quantify damage in real time, provided the signals from these failure modes can be distinguished.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
The ever-growing interest in MXenes has been driven by their distinct electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. In this context, further revealing their physicochemical attributes remains the key frontier of MXene materials. Herein, we report the anisotropic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) features in TiCT MXene as well as site-selective photocatalysis enabled by the photophysical anisotropy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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