AI Article Synopsis

  • ADHD is a complex disorder that starts in childhood and can continue into adulthood, with its causes and risk factors still not fully understood.
  • Using genetic data from GWAS, researchers identified 37 potential causal links between ADHD and various traits like obesity, iron deficiency anemia, and substance use, indicating a complex interplay of genetics.
  • The study suggests that genetic predispositions related to physical health conditions and social participation may influence the risk of developing ADHD, which could inform future clinical research and treatment approaches.

Article Abstract

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder that develops during childhood and spans into adulthood. ADHD's aetiology is complex, and evidence about its cause and risk factors is limited. We leveraged genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and performed latent causal variable analyses using a hypothesis-free approach to infer causal associations between 1387 complex traits and ADHD. We identified 37 inferred potential causal associations with ADHD risk. Our results reveal that genetic variants associated with iron deficiency anemia (ICD10), obesity, type 2 diabetes, synovitis and tenosynovitis (ICD10), polyarthritis (ICD10), neck or shoulder pain, and substance use in adults display partial genetic causality on ADHD risk in children. Genetic variants associated with ADHD have a partial genetic causality increasing the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and carpal tunnel syndrome. Protective factors for ADHD risk included genetic variants associated with the likelihood of participating in socially supportive and interactive activities. Our results show that genetic liability to multiple complex traits influences a higher risk for ADHD, highlighting the potential role of cardiometabolic phenotypes and physical pain in ADHD's aetiology. These findings have the potential to inform future clinical studies and development of interventions.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604995PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01517-7DOI Listing

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