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Optimizing transcutaneous spinal stimulation: excitability of evoked spinal reflexes is dependent on electrode montage.
J Neuroeng Rehabil
January 2025
Hulse Spinal Cord Injury Research Lab, Shepherd Center, 2020 Peachtree Road NW, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: There is growing interest in use of transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) for people with neurologic conditions both to augment volitional control (by facilitating motoneuron excitability), and to decrease spasticity (by activating inhibitory networks). Various electrode montages are used during TSS, with little understanding of how electrode position influences spinal circuit activation. We sought to identify the thoracolumbar electrode montage associated with the most robust activation of spinal circuits by comparing posterior root-muscle reflexes (PRM reflexes) elicited by 6 montages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValidating a Practical Correction for Intravenous Contrast on Computed Tomography-Based Muscle Density.
J Comput Assist Tomogr
November 2024
From the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Objective: Computed tomography (CT) measured muscle density is prognostic of health outcomes. However, the use of intravenous contrast obscures prognoses by artificially increasing CT muscle density. We previously established a correction to equalize contrast and noncontrast muscle density measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParavertebral muscle degeneration affects coronal balance in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis.
World Neurosurg
January 2025
School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China; Orthopaedics Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1511 Jianghong Rd, Hangzho 310014, P.R. China. Electronic address:
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of paraspinal muscle (PSM) degeneration on coronal balance in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 127 DLS patients who underwent spinal fusion surgery were reviewed. Preoperative X-rays and MRIs were used to assess PSM degeneration, measured by the cross-sectional area (CSA) and fat infiltration rate (FIR) of the multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES) muscles. The ratios of the convex to concave sides, namely RCSA and RFIR, were calculated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRehabilitation Program Using Sensory Integration Therapy for Dropped Head Syndrome: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto Karasuma Hospital, Kyoto, JPN.
Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is characterized by a correctable cervical kyphotic deformity due to weakened cervical paraspinal muscles. Currently, there is no established treatment for the condition. Sensory integration pertains to the processing, integrating, and organizing of sensory information from both the body and the environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural changes of the multifidus in animal models of intervertebral disk degeneration: a systematic review.
Front Surg
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Study Design: Low back pain (LBP) is a widespread clinical symptom affecting nearly all age groups and is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Degenerative changes in the spine and paraspinal tissues primarily contribute to the etiology of LBP.
Objectives: We conducted this systematic review of animal models of paraspinal muscle (PSM) degeneration secondary to degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD), providing a comprehensive evaluation of PSM structural changes observed in these models at both macroscopic and microscopic levels.
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