Machine-learning-guided protein design is rapidly emerging as a strategy to find high-fitness multi-mutant variants. In this issue of Cell Systems, Wittman et al. analyze the impact of design decisions for machine-learning-assisted directed evolution (MLDE) on its ability to navigate a fitness landscape and reliably find global optima.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cels.2021.10.004 | DOI Listing |
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Effectiveness of 234 interventions to improve life satisfaction: A rapid systematic review.
Soc Sci Med
December 2024
Kohlrabi, Manchester, SK4 3HJ, UK; Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, W1T 7HA, UK. Electronic address:
This rapid review evaluates interventions aimed at improving life satisfaction and aids policymakers, researchers, and practitioners by identifying research strengths, gaps, and future directions for life satisfaction research. Intervention inclusion criteria were: use of a control group; delivered in high-income OECD country; randomised control trials or quasi-experimental studies; published between Jan 2011-Oct 2023; English language; uses a validated life satisfaction outcome measure. Of 9520 search results across five academic databases and grey literature sources, a total of 189 studies with 234 intervention arms met criteria for inclusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerception of occupational health and safety in the manufacturing sector: a qualitative evaluation.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon
December 2024
Workplace Safety and Prevention Services, Mississauga, Canada.
. Earlier work found gaps with respect to legislative compliance and disparities in perceptions, attitudes and beliefs towards occupational health and safety in the Ontario manufacturing sector. The current follow-up study was undertaken to gain a more thorough understanding of the cause of these gaps and differences in perspectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological, psychological, and neurostimulatory interventions for ADHD in adults: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis.
Lancet Psychiatry
January 2025
Hampshire and Isle of Wight NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Developmental EPI Evidence Synthesis, Prediction, Implementation Lab, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health-School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; New York University Child Study Center, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA; Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Studies of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Background: The comparative benefits and harms of available interventions for ADHD in adults remain unclear. We aimed to address these important knowledge gaps.
Methods: In this systematic review and component network meta-analysis (NMA), we searched multiple databases for published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for ADHD in adults from database inception to Sept 6, 2023.
Human resource management in homecare in England: managing people for safe care during crisis.
BMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Nottingham University Business School, Nottingham, UK.
Background: Human resource management (HRM) of healthcare organisations plays an important role in improving the continuity of care, managing staff, and ensuring patient safety. During COVID-19, there were several HR-related issues, creating a significant challenging situation for health and social care institutions. This study explored the HRM issues that are associated with the patient safety in homecare, and how homecare providers have responded to these HR-related challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe BDNF-Interactive Model for Sustainable Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Humans: Synergistic Effects of Environmentally-Mediated Physical Activity, Cognitive Stimulation, and Mindfulness.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, UK.
This paper bridges critical gaps through proposing a novel, environmentally mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-interactive model that promises to sustain adult hippocampal neurogenesis in humans. It explains how three environmental enrichment mechanisms (physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and mindfulness) can integratively regulate BDNF and other growth factors and neurotransmitters to support neurogenesis at various stages, and how those mechanisms can be promoted by the physical environment. The approach enables the isolation of specific environmental factors and their molecular effects to promote sustainable BDNF regulation by testing the environment's ability to increase BDNF immediately or shortly before it is consumed for muscle repair or brain update.
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