Observation on the effect of periodontal treatment on patients with combined periodontal-pulpal lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on combined periodontal-pulpal lesions.

Methods: A total of 327 patients with periodontal-pulpal lesions (360 affected teeth) were selected, and all affected teeth were treated with a complete root canal, and assigned into group A (periodontal treatment group, 180 affected teeth) and group B (non-periodontal treatment group, 180 affected teeth). Group A received periodontal basic treatment for 2 weeks after the completion of root canal treatment; 6 weeks later, if there were still more than 5 mm periodontal pockets and bleeding after detection, flap treatment was performed. Group B received root canal treatment and supragingival scaling. Follow-up was conducted at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery by observing the periodontal depth (PD), alveolar bone resorption and tooth mobility (TM).

Result: In group A, the PDs before operation and 2 years after operation were (5.966±1.877) mm and (5.133±1.935) mm, and the PD was significantly decreased. In group B, the PDs before operation and 2 years after operation were (5.533±1.856) mm and (6.167±1.927) mm, and the PD was increased. There was no statistical difference in preoperative TM between the two groups (P>0.05). Two years after operation, TM in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.05). In terms of X-ray performance, there was no significant change in alveolar bone resorption in group A two years after operation compared with that before operation (P>0.05); two years after operation, alveolar bone resorption in group B was significantly reduced compared with that before operation (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Periodontal treatment is a promising technique for patients with combined periodontal-pulpal lesions.