Changes in technologies and markets are issues for all global companies. Japanese companies also face difficulties in eras of change. There is a need for paradigm shifts in management style. This paper will look at four case studies of major global companies and analyze the concept of the hybrid approach. It looks at how western and Japanese ways of thinking and methods can be combined to create a new model. The new Japanese model proposes a basic framework on which customization and improvement can be carried out.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160409PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43546-021-00087-0DOI Listing

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