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The Effect of Excessive Sulfate in the Li-Ion Battery Leachate on the Properties of Resynthesized Li[NiCoMn]O. | LitMetric

The Effect of Excessive Sulfate in the Li-Ion Battery Leachate on the Properties of Resynthesized Li[NiCoMn]O.

Materials (Basel)

Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea.

Published: November 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study investigates the impact of sulfate presence in leachate from spent Li-ion batteries by comparing pristine NCM and sulfate-containing NCMS, utilizing methods like SEM, XRD, XPS, and charge-discharge tests to analyze their properties.
  • - Results reveal that sulfate groups were detected on NCMS, leading to a more porous surface compared to the denser surface of pristine NCM, likely due to sulfate impurities affecting particle growth.
  • - While NCMS shows a slight decrease in discharge capacities at varying C-rates compared to pristine NCM, the overall impact of sulfate on the electrochemical performance is minimal, provided the precursors are thoroughly washed.

Article Abstract

In order to examine the effect of excessive sulfate in the leachate of spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs), LiNiCoMnO (pristine NCM) and sulfate-containing LiNiCoMnO (NCMS) are prepared by a co-precipitation method. The crystal structures, morphology, surface species, and electrochemical performances of both cathode active materials are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and charge-discharge tests. The XRD patterns and XPS results identify the presence of sulfate groups on the surface of NCMS. While pristine NCM exhibits a very dense surface in SEM images, NCMS has a relatively porous surface, which could be attributed to the sulfate impurities that hinder the growth of primary particles. The charge-discharge tests show that discharge capacities of NCMS at C-rates, which range from 0.1 to 5 C, are slightly decreased compared to pristine NCM. In dQ/dV plots, pristine NCM and NCMS have the same redox overvoltage regardless of discharge C-rates. The omnipresent sulfate due to the sulfuric acid leaching of spent LIBs has a minimal effect on resynthesized NCM cathode active materials as long as their precursors are adequately washed.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587202PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216672DOI Listing

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