In this work, a new prototype of the eight-element MIMO antenna system for 5G communications, internet of things, and networks has been proposed. This system is based on an H-shaped monopole antenna system that offers 200 MHz bandwidth ranges between 3.4-3.6 GHz, and the isolation between any two elements is well below -12 dB without using any decoupling structure. The proposed system is designed on a commercially available 0.8 mm-thick FR4 substrate. One side of the chassis is used to place the radiating elements, while the copper from the other side is being removed to avoid short-circuiting with other components and devices. This also enables space for other systems, sub-systems, and components. A prototype is fabricated and excellent agreement is observed between the experimental and the computed results. It was found that ECC is 0.2 for any two radiating elements which is consistent with the desirable standards, and channel capacity is 38 bps/Hz which is 2.9 times higher than 4 × 4 MIMO configuration. In addition, single hand mode and dual hand mode analysis are conducted to understand the operation of the system under such operations and to identify losses and/or changes in the key performance parameters. Based on the results, the proposed antenna system will find its applications in modern 5G handheld devices and internet of things with healthcare and high rate delivery. Besides that, its design simplicity will make it applicable for mass production to be used in industrial demands.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217415 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Graduate School of Convergence Technology and Energy, Tech University of Korea, Siheung-si 15073, Republic of Korea.
This paper examines the design of antennas for Hi-pass type turnstiles needed to implement a subway free-pass system targeting transportation-disadvantaged individuals. The subway free-pass system allows individuals who have a free-pass card to approach the turnstile with the card on their person, which opens the gate automatically. This system, like the highway Hi-pass, allows users to pass through the subway gate without needing to scan a ticket.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
December 2024
Stage Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are recognized for their ability to enhance plant salt tolerance. While considerable research has focused on their effects under neutral salt conditions, the mechanisms through which BRs regulate photosynthesis under alkaline salt stress are less well understood. This study investigates these mechanisms, examining plant growth, photosynthetic electron transport, gas exchange parameters, Calvin cycle dynamics, and the expression of key antioxidant and Calvin cycle genes under alkaline stress conditions induced by NaHCO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Korea.
Ensuring the supply of safe and high-quality drinking water can be compromised by the presence of chironomid larvae in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), which may contaminate municipal water systems through freshwater resources. Chironomids are dominant species known for their resilience to a broad range of extreme aquatic environments. This study aimed to identify the morphological characteristics and obtain genetic information of the chironomid Paratanytarsus grimmii found in the water intake source and freshwater resource of DWTPs in Korea, highlighting the potential possibility of a parthenogenetic chironomid outbreak within DWTP networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Tissue Res
January 2025
Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
The smoky brown cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa, is a peridomestic pest inhabiting broad regions of the world from temperate to subtropical zones. In common with other related species such as the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, female-emitted sex pheromone components, named periplanones, are known to be key volatiles that elicit long-range attraction and courtship rituals in males. How periplanones are processed in the nervous system has been entirely unexplored in P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2025
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
The CRISPR-Cas12a system has shown tremendous potential for developing efficient biosensors. Albeit important, current CRISPR-Cas system-based diagnostic technologies (CRISPR-DX) highly rely on an additional preamplification procedure to obtain high sensitivity, inevitably leading to issues such as complicated assay workflow, cross-contamination, etc. Herein, a spherical protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM)-antenna-enhanced CRISPR-Cas12a system is fabricated for universal amplification-free nucleic acid detection with a detection limit of subfemtomolar.
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