SuFEx click chemistry is a powerful method designed for the selective, rapid, and modular synthesis of functional molecules. Classical SuFEx reactions form stable S-O linkages upon exchange of S-F bonds with aryl silyl-ether substrates, and while near-perfect in their outcome, are sometimes disadvantaged by relatively high catalyst loadings and prolonged reaction times. We herein report the development of accelerated SuFEx click chemistry (ASCC), an improved SuFEx method for the efficient and catalytic coupling of aryl and alkyl alcohols with a range of SuFExable hubs. We demonstrate Barton's hindered guanidine base (2-tert-butyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine; BTMG) as a superb SuFEx catalyst that, when used in synergy with silicon additive hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), yields stable S-O bond linkages in a single step; often within minutes. The powerful combination of BTMG and HMDS reagents allows for catalyst loadings as low as 1.0 mol % and, in congruence with click-principles, provides a scalable method that is safe, efficient, and practical for modular synthesis. ASSC expands the number of accessible SuFEx products and will find significant application in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and materials science.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202112375 | DOI Listing |
Org Biomol Chem
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P. R. China.
An organocatalytic method for the SuFEx click reaction of gaseous SOF is described. Different organic bases such as DBU, TBD, triethylamine and Hünig's base can efficiently catalyze the SuFEx of SOF with various phenols to produce aryl fluorosulfates in 61-97% yields. Under the same conditions, pyridone, pyrazolone and amines can also react with SOF to afford the corresponding heteroaryl fluorosulfates or sulfamoyl fluorides in good yields.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
December 2024
Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
We present a Diversity Oriented Clicking approach to synthesize a library of novel clickable -substituted 2-aminothiazoles which serve as versatile hubs for SuFEx click chemistry diversification. Leveraging the spring-loaded reactivity of the 2-Substituted-Alkynyl-1-Sulfonyl Fluoride (SASF) connectors, the transformation is simple to perform, tolerant of a wide range of functionality, and regioselective for a single product. Finally, we propose a detailed stepwise reaction mechanism that is supported by experimental and computational analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Rev
December 2024
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands.
Click chemistry has become one of the most powerful construction tools in the field of organic chemistry, materials science, and polymer science, as it offers hassle-free platforms for the high-yielding synthesis of novel materials and easy functionalization strategies. The absence of harsh reaction conditions or complicated workup procedures allowed the rapid development of novel biofunctional polymeric materials, such as biopolymers, tailor-made polymer surfaces, stimulus-responsive polymers, etc. In this review, we discuss various types of click reactions─including azide-alkyne cycloadditions, nucleophilic and radical thiol click reactions, a range of cycloadditions (Diels-Alder, tetrazole, nitrile oxide, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
November 2024
Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Sulfur-centered electrophilic 'warheads' have emerged as key components for chemical proteomic probes through sulfur-exchange chemistry (SuFEx) with protein nucleophiles. Among these functional groups, sulfonimidoyl fluorides (SIFs) stand out for their modifiable sites, tunable electrophilicities, and chiral sulfur-center, presenting exciting possibilities for new covalent chemical probes. However, the synthetic access to chiral SIFs has been a challenge, limiting their exploration and applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
November 2024
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
A new sulfonyl fluoride reagent 1-bromobut-3-ene-1,3-disulfonyl difluoride (BEDF) was developed. This unique reagent possesses two clickable functionalities to be used for both azide-alkyne cycloaddition click and SuFEx click reactions. This new reagent was applied for the regioselective construction of a class of novel triazolyl vinyl sulfonyl fluorides in which the C-4 position 1-1,2,3-triazoles were functionalized with vinyl sulfonyl fluorides of exclusively -configuration.
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