Camurus' FluidCrystal® injection depot is a lipid liquid crystal (LLC) phase formation-based method, comprising of glycerol dioleate (GDO) and soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC), together with minute quantities of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent (NMP). The present study aimed to develop a method for LLC using sorbitan monooleate (LLC-SMO) instead of GDO to prepare a one-month sustained-release formulation of naltrexone (NTX) that is applied for the treatment of autism and treating alcohol dependence. The optical characteristics of the LLC were assessed by polarizing light microscopy (PLM) to reveal the presence of lamellar, hexagonal, and cubic mesophases. Furthermore, in vitro release of NTX and NMP, degradation, pharmacokinetics, and histopathology of LLC-GDO and LLC-SMO in rats were evaluated and compared to those of Vivitrol®. The PLM images revealed that the structure of LLC-SMO is hexagonal, similar to LLC-GDO. The in vitro release of NTX and its pharmacokinetic results in rats indicted that the LLC-SMO system is more uniform than LLC-GDO and Vivitrol® during 35 days. Histopathological results of LLC-GDO and LLC-SMO confirmed the biocompatibility of our LLC delivery systems. Taken together these data demonstrate that the LLC-SMO-based method, was efficient enough to sustain the release of NTX in vitro and in vivo, confirming the biocompatible nature of this delivery system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121275 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Open Qual
December 2024
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
Only 1.9% of the individuals in the USA with alcohol use disorder (AUD) receive medication for AUD. Hospitalisation presents an opportunity to identify patients with AUD and offer treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Psychiatry
November 2024
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden.
Naltrexone (NTX), a homolog of the opiate antidote naloxone, is an orally active long-acting general opioid receptor antagonist used in the treatment of opiate dependence. NTX is also found to relieve craving for alcohol and is one of few FDA-approved medications for treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). While it was early on established that NTX acts by blocking the binding of endogenous opioid peptide ligands released by alcohol, experimental evidence emerged that could not be fully accounted for by this explanation alone, suggesting that NTX may have additional modes of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
November 2024
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
Several large-scale, pragmatic clinical trials on opioid use disorder (OUD) have been completed in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN). However, the resulting data have not been harmonized between the studies to compare the patient characteristics. This paper provides lessons learned from a large-scale harmonization process that are critical for all biomedical researchers collecting new data and those tasked with combining datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Addict Res
November 2024
Department of Research and Development in Mental Health, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Introduction: The treatment efficacy of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) for opioid use disorder (OUD) has been demonstrated in several studies, but not in naturalistic settings where opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is freely accessible. This study aimed to examine the different treatment outcomes of XR-NTX in a setting where the participants freely chose XR-NTX as a treatment option instead of OAT.
Methods: This was a 24-week open-label clinical prospective cohort study conducted in an outpatient setting at five hospitals in Norway.
CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol
November 2024
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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