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Rapid Detection and Quantification of Plant Innate Immunity Response Using Raman Spectroscopy. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • A rapid Raman spectroscopy method was developed to detect and quantify early immune responses in Arabidopsis and Choy Sum plants using specific elicitors, leading to distinct spectral fingerprints.
  • The Elicitor Response Index (ERI) was created to measure immune responses, showing that higher ERI values correlate with stronger immune reactions, particularly linked to carotenoids and proteins.
  • Validation with Arabidopsis immune mutants demonstrated that the method effectively distinguishes between positive and negative regulatory mutants; similar methodologies can also quantify responses to bacterial infections through the Infection Response Index (IRI).

Article Abstract

We have developed a rapid Raman spectroscopy-based method for the detection and quantification of early innate immunity responses in Arabidopsis and Choy Sum plants. Arabidopsis plants challenged with flg22 and elf18 elicitors could be differentiated from mock-treated plants by their Raman spectral fingerprints. From the difference Raman spectrum and the value of at each Raman shift, we derived the Elicitor Response Index (ERI) as a quantitative measure of the response whereby a higher ERI value indicates a more significant elicitor-induced immune response. Among various Raman spectral bands contributing toward the ERI value, the most significant changes were observed in those associated with carotenoids and proteins. To validate these results, we investigated several characterized Arabidopsis pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) mutants. Compared to wild type (WT), positive regulatory mutants had ERI values close to zero, whereas negative regulatory mutants at early time points had higher ERI values. Similar to elicitor treatments, we derived an analogous Infection Response Index (IRI) as a quantitative measure to detect the early PTI response in Arabidopsis and Choy Sum plants infected with bacterial pathogens. The Raman spectral bands contributing toward a high IRI value were largely identical to the ERI Raman spectral bands. Raman spectroscopy is a convenient tool for rapid screening for Arabidopsis PTI mutants and may be suitable for the noninvasive and early diagnosis of pathogen-infected crop plants.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8566886PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.746586DOI Listing

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