Trace gas analysis provides a wide range of insights into environmental processes, particularly with regards to global warming and air quality. With the urgent need to identify sources and accurately measure the harmful emissions negatively impacting our planet, Laser Dispersion Spectroscopy (LDS) offers a unique approach. LDS technology measures optical molecular dispersion via a differential phase measurement of light and, operating in the mid-infrared, provides highly sensitive and robust measurements. This enables highly precise, real-time gas measurements even in adverse environmental conditions such as rain, fog, snow or dust. The technology can be used in both extractive and open-path formats, with real-world applications including emissions monitoring on oil and gas sites, measuring the impact of agricultural activities and monitoring carbon capture storage facilities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ETLS20210105 | DOI Listing |
Acc Chem Res
January 2025
Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
ConspectusReactions of gas phase molecules with surfaces play key roles in atmospheric and environmental chemistry. Reactive uptake coefficients (γ), the fraction of gas-surface collisions that yield a reaction, are used to quantify the kinetics in these heterogeneous and multiphase systems. Unlike rate coefficients for homogeneous gas- or liquid-phase reactions, uptake coefficients are system- and observation-dependent quantities that depend upon a multitude of underlying elementary steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, 462000, Henan Province, PR China.
Background: Edible oils are susceptible to contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) throughout production, storage, and transportation processes due to their lipophilic nature. The necessity of quantifying PAHs present in complex oil matrices at trace levels, which bind strongly to impurities in oil matrices, poses a major challenge to the accurate quantification of these contaminants. Therefore, the development of straightforward and effective methods for the separation and enrichment of PAHs in oil samples prior to instrumental analysis is paramount to guaranteeing food safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
, UniSA STEM, ScaRCE, University of South Australia, SA 5000, Australia. Electronic address:
Although single bacteria have been applied to the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) remediation, its efficacy is severely restricted by long degradation periods and low efficacy. A microbial symbiotic system founded by two or more bacterial strains may be an alternative to traditional remediation approaches. Its construction is, however, hampered by antagonistic interactions and remains challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
January 2025
CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
The European sardine () ranks among the most valuable species of Iberian fisheries, and the accurate tracing of its geographic origin, once landed, is paramount to securing sustainable management of fishing stocks and discouraging fraudulent practices of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The present study investigated the potential use of white muscle fatty acids (FAs) to successfully discriminate the geographic origin of samples obtained in seven commercially important fishing harbors along the Iberian Atlantic Coast. While 35 FAs were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the white muscle of , the following, as determined by the Boruta algorithm, were key for sample discrimination: 14:0, 22:6-3, 22:5-3, 18:0, 20:5-3, 16:1-7, 16:0, and 18:1-7 (in increasing order of relevance).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
December 2024
Laboratório de Ciências Forenses e Psicológicas Egas Moniz, Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Quinta da Granja, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal.
The present work reports the development, optimization, and validation, of a methodology to determine lidocaine, procaine, tetracaine, and benzocaine in urine matrices. Two extractive preconcentration techniques, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) LC Tips and bar adsorptive microextraction (BAμE), were studied and applied to the four target anesthetics, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Several parameters that could affect microextraction and back-extraction were optimized using two different designs of experiments (Box-Behnken and full-factorial) to maximize extraction efficiency from aqueous media.
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