With the aim of gaining new insight into the underlying apoptosis mechanisms and efficacy of cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes as metalodrugs, six new cyclometalated Ir(III)-quinoline complexes, [Ir(1a)(2pq)] (2a), [Ir(1b)(2pq)] (2b), [Ir(1c)(2pq)] (2c), [Ir(1d)(2pq)] (2d), [Ir(1e)(2pq)] (2e), and [Ir(1f)(2pq)] (2f) (2pq = 2-phenylisoquinoline), have been synthesized using 5,7-dihalo-8-hydroxylquinoline ligands (1a-1f) and [Ir(2pq)Cl] precursors and characterized. Complexes 2a-2f have shown potent anticancer activity against cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3/DDP and A549/DDP cells (IC = 0.11-1.83 μM), following the order 2e > 2f > 2b > 2c > 2d > 2a. Confocal microscopy images suggest that 2e and 2b could act as red-color probes for specific cell imaging and efficiently initiate apoptosis and autophagy in the mitochondria, cell cytosol, and nucleus. Overexpression of beclin1, caspase-9, cytochrome c, LC3II, and apaf-1; inhibition of p62, cyclin D1, cyclin A2, and CDK2; and a substantial rapid accumulation suggest a paraptotic mode of cell death induced by autophagy, DNA damage, and mitochondrial stress. In addition, the inhibitory rate of 2e on A549/DDP tumor growth was 64.1% at a concentration of 10.0 mg kg, which is clearly higher than that of cisplatin. According to the biological assay, the cyclometalated Ir(III)-quinoline complex 2e exhibited a higher anticancer effect than 2b, which may be associated with the electronic effect of the methyl group of the 1e ligand of 2e playing a key role in the mechanism.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt02416g | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Molecular Phosphide Complexes of Zirconium.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Molecular Zr phosphides are extremely rare, with no examples containing a one-coordinated and terminal triple-bonded phosphorus atom. We report here an isolable and relatively stable Zr phosphide complex, [(PN)Zr≡P{μ-Na(OEt)}] (), stemming from a cyclometalated Zr-hydride, [(PN)(PN')Zr(H)] (), and NaPH. Complex is prepared from two- or one-electron reductions of precursors [(PN)ZrCl] () or metastable Zr[(PN)ZrCl], respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIridium(III) Blue Phosphors with Heteroleptic Carbene Cyclometalates: Isomerization, Emission Tuning, and OLED Fabrications.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
City University of Hong Kong, Materials Sciences and Engineering, 83 Tat Chee Road, Kowloon, 999077, Kowloon Tong, HONG KONG.
Ir(III) complexes are particularly noted for their excellent photophysical properties in giving blue OLED phosphors. In this study, two distinctive carbene pro-chelates LAH2+ and LBH2+ (or LCH2+) were employed in preparation of heteroleptic Ir(III) complexes, to which LAH2+ bears a cyano substituted benzoimidazolium along with N-mesityl appendage, while LBH2+ (or LCH2+) carries the symmetrical benzoimidazolium entity. Notably, the reversible equilibration at high temperature was observed for m, f-ct14 and m, f-ct15 with a single LA chelate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLabel-free 3D cell imaging using hydrogels functionalized with switchable iridium complexes.
Chemistry
January 2025
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Via Mario Negri, 2, 20156, Milano, ITALY.
The use of fluorescent labels is the most common tool to visualize cells. However, the internalization of dye molecules often modifies the cell behavior. In this paper we demonstrate that it is possible to transiently label cells using a 3D scaffold, a hydrogel, covalently functionalized with luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow Temperature Emissive Cyclometalated Cobalt(III) Complexes.
Inorg Chem
January 2025
Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD), Paderborn University, Paderborn 33098, Germany.
A series of Co complexes [Co(ImP)][PF], with HImP = 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-methyl-1-imidazole-2-ylidene)) and R = Me, Et, Pr, Bu, is presented in this work. The influence of the strong donor ligand on the ground and excited-state photophysical properties was investigated in the context of different alkyl substituents at the imidazole nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed no significant alterations of the structures and all differences in the series emerge from the electronic structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyclometalated Au(III) complexes with alkynylphosphine oxide ligands: synthesis and photophysical properties.
Dalton Trans
January 2025
Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia.
A series of cyclometalated Au(III) complexes [Au(C^N^C)(C-L-P(O)Ph)] with C^N^C = 2,6-diphenylpyridine and alkynylphosphine oxide ligands (L = no linker, Au1; phenyl, Au2; biphenyl, Au3; naphthyl, Au4; anthracenyl, Au5) were synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods and single crystal XRD analysis. The complexes obtained exhibit triplet (Au1-Au3) and dual (Au4, Au5) emissions in solution, in the solid phase and in the PMMA film, whose characteristics depend on the linker's nature of the alkynylphosphine oxide ligand. The description of electronic transitions responsible for energy absorption and emission in Au(III) complexes was made on the basis of a detailed analysis of the results of DFT calculations and has shown to involve ILCT, LLCT and MLCT transitions of singlet and triplet nature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!