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Changes in NNRTI use have not altered the ecology of NNRTI resistance over the last 10 years in people with HIV experiencing virological failure on antiretroviral drugs.
J Antimicrob Chemother
December 2024
INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, laboratoire de virologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Background: We aimed to determine how non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance profiles have changed over the last decade in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) experiencing virological failure on all antiretroviral treatments, including different NNRTIs.
Materials And Methods: We analysed the use of the different NNRTIs in PLWHIV treated with antiretroviral drugs at an academic centre and the HIV NNRTI resistance profiles observed in cases of virological failure over the last 10 years (2014-23). We used the latest ANRS-MIE algorithm (v33; https://hivfrenchresistance.
Pretreatment and acquired HIV drug resistance in Belize-results of nationally representative surveys, 2021-22.
J Antimicrob Chemother
January 2025
Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- The prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to certain HIV medications is high in Belize, particularly among those with previous treatment exposure, posing a challenge for effective antiretroviral therapy (ART).
- WHO recommends dolutegravir-based ART regimens for their effectiveness and low resistance risk, which is crucial for reaching UNAIDS' target of 95% viral suppression.
- Recent surveys show that while 79.6% of adults achieved viral suppression on ART, only 50% of children and adolescents did, highlighting the need for better support and adherence to treatment.
Drug-associated congenital anomalies of the external ear identified in the United States food and drug administration adverse event reporting system database.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Article Synopsis
- * The study utilized data from the FAERS database, analyzing over 20 million adverse event reports from 2004 to 2024, focusing on cases related to ear anomalies.
- * Drugs such as primidone and valproic acid were found to have significant associations with these anomalies, indicating potential risks linked to certain medications during pregnancy.
K103N, V106M and Y188L Significantly Reduce HIV-1 Subtype C Phenotypic Susceptibility to Doravirine.
Viruses
September 2024
HIV Pathogenesis Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- Doravirine (DOR) is a new HIV treatment that works against some drug-resistant strains, but its effectiveness against non-B subtypes like HIV-1 subtype C is not fully understood.
- The study used South African data to examine how certain known mutations associated with resistance affect DOR susceptibility, finding that mutations such as V106M and Y188L significantly reduce DOR effectiveness.
- The research emphasizes the importance of genotypic drug resistance testing before starting DOR-based therapy, especially in patients with a history of efavirenz or nevirapine treatment failures.*
Association of first-line combination antiretroviral therapy with malaria among adult HIV-infected persons in Jos, Nigeria: a pilot cross sectional study.
BMC Infect Dis
September 2024
Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection coexist in significant numbers in some geographic areas including sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). HIV-infected patients are a World Health Organization (WHO) recognized high risk group for increased malaria morbidity. Majority of HIV-infected patients undertaking treatment in SSA are on WHO recognized first-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).
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