Stress response is essential for the organism to quickly restore physiological homeostasis disturbed by various environmental insults. In addition to well-established physiological cascades, stress also evokes various brain and behavioral responses. Aquatic animal models, including the zebrafish (), have been extensively used to probe pathobiological mechanisms of stress and stress-related brain disorders. Here, we critically discuss the use of zebrafish models for studying mechanisms of stress and modeling its disorders experimentally, with a particular cross-taxon focus on the potential evolution of stress responses from zebrafish to rodents and humans, as well as its translational implications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100405 | DOI Listing |
JAMA
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Importance: T helper 2 (T2) cells and T helper 17 (T17) cells are CD4+ T cell subtypes involved in asthma. Characterizing asthma endotypes based on these cell types in diverse groups is important for developing effective therapies for youths with asthma.
Objective: To identify asthma endotypes in school-aged youths aged 6 to 20 years by examining the distribution and characteristics of transcriptomic profiles in nasal epithelium.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, China.
Purpose: Because chickens have excellent light perception properties, this study focused on investigating whether monochromatic light can cause photodamage in chicken retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
Methods: Post-hatching day chickens were exposed to four different light-emitting diode light environments for five weeks, respectively, monochromatic blue light (480 nm), green light (560 nm), red light (660 nm), or white light (6000 K). The mechanisms through which monochromatic light influences the structure of the chicken retina were analyzed by detecting the morphological structure of the retina, gene and protein expression levels, and the ultrastructure of the optic nerve.
Expert Rev Respir Med
January 2025
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Introduction: In genetically predisposed individuals, exposure to aeroallergens and infections from RNA viruses shape epithelial barrier function, leading to Allergic Asthma (AA). Here, activated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in lower airway sentinel cells signal epithelial injury-repair pathways leading to cell-state changes [epithelial mesenchymal plasticity (EMP)], barrier disruption and sensitization.
Areas Covered: 1.
J Virol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Protein kinase R (PKR) is an interferon-induced antiviral protein activated by autophosphorylation in response to double strand DNA (dsRNA) and other stimuli. Activated PKR causes translation inhibition and apoptosis, and it contributes to proinflammatory responses, cell growth, and differentiation. Mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) counteracts PKR by causing its degradation via a viral protein, early region 4 open reading frame 6 (E4orf6).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
December 2024
Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
Unlabelled: Many species of proteobacterial methane-consuming bacteria (methanotrophs) form a hauberk-like envelope represented by a surface (S-) layer protein (SLP) matrix. While several proteins were predicted to be associated with the cell surface, the composition and function of the hauberk matrix remained elusive. Here, we report the identification of the genes encoding the hauberk-forming proteins in two gamma-proteobacterial (Type I) methanotrophs, 5GB1 (EQU24_15540) and 20Z (MEALZ_0971 and MEALZ_0972).
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