SJMHE1 Peptide from Inhibits Asthma in Mice by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance via miR-155.

Purpose: Helminths and their products can regulate immune response and offer new strategies to control and alleviate inflammation, including asthma. We previously found that a peptide named as SJMHE1 from can suppress asthma in mice. This study mainly investigated the molecular mechanism of SJMHE1 in inhibiting asthma inflammation.

Methods: SJMHE1 was administered to mice with OVA-induced asthma via subcutaneous injection, and its effects were detected by testing the airway inflammation of mice. The Th cell distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Th-related transcription factor and cytokine expression in the lungs of mice were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of miR-155 and levels of phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT5 were also determined after SJMHE1 treatment in mice by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The in vitro mouse CD4 T cells were transfected with lentivirus containing overexpressed or inhibited miR-155, and the proportion of Th17, Treg cells, CD4p-STAT3, and CD4p-STAT5 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results: SJMHE1 ameliorated the airway inflammation of asthmatic mice, upregulated the proportion of Th1 and Treg cells, and the expression of Th1 and Treg-related transcription factor and cytokines. Simultaneously, SJMHE1 treatment reduced the percentage of Th2 and Th17 cells and the expression of Th2 and Th17-related transcription factor and cytokines. SJMHE1 treatment decreased the expression of miR-155 and p-STAT3 but increased p-STAT5 expression. In vitro, the percentage of Th17 and CD4p-STAT3 cells increased in CD4 T cells transfected over-expression of miR-155, but SJMHE1 inhibited the miR-155-mediated increase of Th17 cells. Furthermore, SJMHE1 increased the proportion of Treg and CD4p-STAT5 cells after transfected over-expression or inhibition of miR-155.

Conclusion: SJMHE1 regulated the balance of Th17 and Treg cells by modulating the activation of STAT3 and STAT5 via miR-155 in asthma. SJMHE1 might be a promising treatment for asthma.