Mismatch negativity (MMN) amplitude is reliably reduced in psychotic disorders. While several studies have examined this effect in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia, few have sought to quantify deficits in relatives of individuals with other psychotic disorders. While some conclude that, compared to healthy subjects, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia show reduced MMN, others contradict this finding. Furthermore, though MMN is often shown to be associated with cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms in psychotic disorders, to our knowledge no studies have sought to fully examine these relationships in studies of first-degree relatives. The present study sought to clarify the extent of MMN amplitude reductions in a large sample of siblings of individuals with diverse psychotic disorders (n = 67), compared to probands with psychosis (n = 221) and never psychotic comparison subjects (n = 251). We further examined associations of MMN amplitude with cognition and schizotypal symptoms across these groups. We found that MMN amplitude was intact in siblings compared to probands. MMN amplitude was associated with cognition and schizotypal symptoms dimensionally across levels of familial risk. The present results imply that MMN reductions do not reflect genetic risk for psychotic disorders per se, and instead emerge as a result of, or in conjunction with, clinical features associated with psychosis. Such findings carry important implications for the utility of MMN amplitude as an indicator of inherited risk, and suggest that this component may be best conceptualized as an endophenotype for clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments, rather than risk for psychosis per se.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2021.10.006 | DOI Listing |
J Affect Disord
January 2025
School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador; Research Institute, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador. Electronic address:
Background: Sociodemographic characteristics and limited mental health care access may contribute to higher depression rates in low- and middle-income countries. Aim This study aimed to analyze nationwide depressive disorder hospitalizations in Ecuador.
Methods: We assessed the sociodemographic characteristics, severity, recurrence, and duration of hospitalizations for depressive disorders.
Aust Occup Ther J
February 2025
Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Introduction: Young adults experiencing psychosis have the same plans for work and future careers as their peers; however, many find themselves unable to participate. While there is research available about interventions used to support employment of young adults with psychosis, there is little evidence regarding the experience of occupational therapists working in this field and the vocational rehabilitation interventions and practices they use.
Methods: A descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was used to explore the perspectives of occupational therapy practitioners who support young adults experiencing psychosis with employment.
J Behav Health Serv Res
January 2025
University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4395, USA.
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the demographic and geographic variations in the visit rate for first-episode psychosis (FEP), identify trends and diagnostic patterns, and explore factors associated with FEP visits in Nebraska. Inpatient and emergency department data spanning 2017-2021 were collected by the Nebraska Hospital Association (NHA). The study focused on Nebraska residents aged 14-35 admitted for FEP, identified through specific ICD-10 codes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubcell Biochem
January 2025
Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Schizophrenia is a severe and complex psychiatric condition ranking among the top 15 leading causes of disability worldwide. Despite the well-established heritability component, a complex interplay between genetic and environmental risk factors plays a key role in the development of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders in general. This chapter covers all the clinical evidence showing how the analysis of the epigenetic modulation in schizophrenia might be relevant to understand the pathogenesis of schizophrenia as well as potentially useful to develop new pharmacotherapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Psychopharmacol Neurosci
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye.
Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD), schizoaffective disorder (SAD), and schizophrenia (SCH) are psychiatric disorders characterized by persistent cognitive impairments, even during periods of remission. Psychotropic medications commonly used to manage these conditions have anticholinergic properties, which may contribute to cognitive impairment.
Methods: This study examined the relationship between anticholinergic medication burden and cognitive function in individuals diagnosed with BD, SAD, and SCH.
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