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Geochemical signatures and contamination levels of rare earth elements in soil profiles controlled by parent rock and soil properties.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
Rare earth elements (REEs) are emerging contaminants rendering potential risks in soils to environmental quality and human health. The causation between their geochemical signatures and contamination levels with parent rocks and soil properties are critical for REEs risk assessments, which are urgently needed globally. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate cause-and-effect among hydrofluoric-acid-digested total and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid extracted bioavailable soil REEs and their contamination degree evaluated by pollution indices in 268 soil layer (horizon) samples from 50 soil profiles derived from felsic, intermediate, mafic, ultramafic, and sedimentary rocks in Taiwan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy-targeted Pt(IV) agents: a new horizon in antitumor drug development.
Dalton Trans
January 2025
Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
Pt(IV) complexes as prodrugs of Pt(II) drugs exhibit numerous advantages such as enhanced stability, reduced toxicity, increased oral bioavailability, and efficacy in overcoming the drug resistance of Pt(II) compounds, which underscore their significant potential in the advancement of novel Pt anticancer agents. Furthermore, protective autophagy is pivotal in sustaining tumor cell homeostasis and modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby representing a critical target for the development of antitumor drugs. Specific inhibition or activation of autophagy during chemotherapy would break the internal homeostasis in the TME and increase antitumor activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvanced Radiotherapy Technologies in Spine Tumors: What the Surgeon Needs to Know.
Global Spine J
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Study Design: Narrative review of existing literature.
Objectives: Significant technological advancements in radiotherapy planning and delivery have enabled new radiotherapy techniques for the management of spine tumors. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive summary of these treatment techniques for practicing spine surgeons.
Burden of RSV infections among young children in primary care: a prospective cohort study in five European countries (2021-23).
Lancet Respir Med
January 2025
Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, Netherlands. Electronic address:
Background: The majority of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in young children are managed in primary care, however, the disease burden in this setting remains poorly defined.
Methods: We did a prospective cohort study in primary care settings in Belgium, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and the UK during the RSV seasons of 2020-21 (UK only; from Jan 1, 2021), 2021-22, and 2022-23. Children aged younger than 5 years presenting to their general practitioner or primary care paediatrician with symptoms of an acute respiratory tract infection were eligible for RSV testing.
Efficacy, safety, and target engagement of dazukibart, an IFNβ specific monoclonal antibody, in adults with dermatomyositis: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Lancet
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Dermatomyositis is a chronic autoimmune disease with distinctive cutaneous eruptions and muscle weakness, and the pathophysiology is characterised by type I interferon (IFN) dysregulation. This study aims to assess the efficacy, safety, and target engagement of dazukibart, a potent, selective, humanised IgG1 neutralising monoclonal antibody directed against IFNβ, in adults with moderate-to-severe dermatomyositis.
Methods: This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted at 25 university-based hospitals and outpatient sites in Germany, Hungary, Poland, Spain, and the USA.
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